吉林省国境卫生检疫历史考察

发布时间：2018-03-18 16:36

本文选题：吉林省　切入点：国境　出处：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：一、卫生警察、临时检疫机构与吉林国境卫生检疫(建国前)。吉林国境卫生检疫萌芽于二十世纪初,解放前近半个世纪,处于吉林国境卫生检疫的雏形期。在防治鼠疫与霍乱等恶性传染病流行过程中,由政府组织的卫生警察或临时性卫生防疫、检疫机构,采取了一些具有现代意义的国境卫生检疫措施,如隔绝交通、隔离病人、清洁消毒等,在减少疫病流行、保护民众健康,起到了一定的促进作用。但是,由于近代吉林省经济贫困、政治腐败、文化落后及有效防疫和检疫体系整体缺失,无法有力应对境内外疫情传入和传播,近代吉林面临的疫病威胁日益加剧,这严重影响了吉林人民的身体健康和生命安全,阻碍了社会的正常发展。二、检疫查验与滤过式吉林国境卫生检疫(1949-1978)。面对建国初期吉林省严峻的传染病疫情形势,人民政府迅速在中朝口岸建立图们、辑安等国境卫生检疫机构,制定卫生检疫法规,实施以检疫查验为主的现代卫生检疫措施,防止疫情传入传出。此时期,吉林国境卫生检疫事业在曲折中不断发展。既有建立不久即在抗美援朝战争中发挥特殊作用的辉煌,社会主义建设时期卫生检疫的正规化,也遭到文化大革命的极大破坏。三、传染病监测、卫生监督与监测式吉林国境卫生检疫(1979-1999)。改革开放后,特别是上划卫生部直管以来,吉林国境卫生检疫坚持与国际惯例接轨、与经济发展相适应的原则,认真贯彻执行《国境卫生检疫法》及其《实施细则》,在以传染病监测与卫生监督为重点的轨道上奋勇前行,对于促进改革开放,保护出入境人员健康,保障口岸安全发挥了重要作用。吉林国境卫生检疫事业也取得了全面发展,形成了以中朝沿线陆路口岸及长春空港口岸为主的较健全的卫生检疫防控体系。四、吉林国境卫生检疫的未来发展。简述百年历史所取得的成就,并就未来发展进行了初步探究。1.国境卫生检疫的发展必须适应国家政治、经济、社会形势。2.国境卫生检疫的涉外性决定其工作原则必须符合国际惯例。3.中央直属管理是维护国境卫生检疫政令畅通的必行之路。4.国境卫生检疫离不开强大的科技支持。
[Abstract]:A temporary police, health, quarantine agency and Jilin frontier health and Quarantine (1949). The Jilin frontier health and quarantine appeared in the beginning of twentieth Century, before the liberation of nearly half a century, in the early stage of Jilin frontier health and quarantine. In the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and malignant plague cholera epidemic process, organized by the government or temporary police health of health and epidemic prevention, quarantine agency, has taken some modern significance of the frontier health and quarantine measures, such as traffic isolation, isolation of patients, cleaning and disinfection, in reducing the epidemic, protecting people's health, has played a certain role. However, due to the modern Jilin province economic poverty, political corruption, lack of overall and backward culture effective prevention and quarantine system, unable to effectively deal with the flu and spread abroad, modern Jilin is facing increasing threat of disease, which seriously affected the health of Lin Renmin and Kyrgyzstan The safety of life has hindered the normal development of society.
Two, inspection and quarantine and filtration type of Jilin frontier health and Quarantine (1949-1978). The founding of Jilin Province in the face of the severe infectious disease epidemic situation, the people's Government of Tumen quickly established in Sino Korean port, Ji'an etc. the frontier health and quarantine agencies, formulate health quarantine regulations, to carry out quarantine inspection of modern sanitation quarantine measures, prevent the spread of infectious disease outgoing. In this period, Jilin frontier health and quarantine business development in zigzags. Both established soon in the Korean war play a special role in the brilliant, normalization of health quarantine during the period of socialist construction, but also greatly damage the cultural revolution.
Three, the monitoring of infectious diseases, health supervision and monitoring type of Jilin frontier health and Quarantine (1979-1999). After the reform and opening up, especially since the Ministry of health is straight, Jilin frontier health and quarantine to conform with international convention, and adapt to the principle of economic development, conscientiously implement the "Frontier health and Quarantine Law and the detailed rules for the implementation of < > > in order to forge ahead, the infectious disease monitoring and health supervision on track, to promote the reform and opening up, protect the health of entry-exit personnel, ensuring safe port plays an important role. The Jilin frontier health and quarantine work achieved all-round development, formed a system of prevention and control of the Sino Korean overland port and airport Changchun based sound the health and quarantine.
Four, the future development of Jilin frontier health and quarantine. The hundred year history of the achievements and future development of the development of a preliminary inquiry.1. frontier health and quarantine must adapt to the national political, economic and social situation of foreign.2. frontier health and quarantine to determine their work must be in line with international practice management is to maintain.3. directly under the central government the frontier health and quarantine orders will line the road.4. frontier health and quarantine cannot do without the strong support of science and technology.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R185

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