上海市2009—2013年突发公共卫生事件的分析

发布时间：2018-03-23 16:23

本文选题：突发公共卫生事件　切入点：流行病学　出处：《环境与职业医学》2015年04期

【摘要】：[目的]分析上海市2009—2013年突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为突发公共卫生事件的防控工作提供参考。[方法]对上海市2009—2013年突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统报告的突发公共卫生事件,进行描述性流行病学分析。[结果]2009—2013年上海市共报告突发公共卫生事件266起,其中46.6%为传染病事件,主要为水痘等呼吸道传染病;高温中暑事件86起(32.3%),导致103人死亡;35起职业中毒事件,导致44人死亡。传染病类突发公共卫生事件高峰在4月和12月,高温中暑事件集中在7—8月。不同事件的发生情况在月份分布上的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。传染病类事件主要发生在学校,小学的报告发病率最高(0.027%)。疾控机构接报到网络直报的时间间隔平均为3 h。[结论]上海市疾控机构对突发公共卫生事件的网络直报的及时性较好。传染病类突发公共卫生事件仍是防控重点,重点关注小学,加强监测和免疫接种管理。职业中毒应着重在降低死亡率和病死率。
[Abstract]:[objective] to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Shanghai from 2009 to 2013. [methods] to provide a reference for the prevention and control of public health emergencies. [methods] the emergency public health events reported by Shanghai Public Health Emergency Management Information system 2009-2013, A descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out. [results] 266 public health emergencies were reported in Shanghai from 2009 to 2013, of which 46.6% were infectious diseases, mainly chickenpox and other respiratory infectious diseases. Heat stroke occurred in 86 cases, resulting in 103 deaths and 35 occupational poisonings, leading to 44 deaths. Public health emergencies of infectious diseases peaked in April and December. The high temperature heatstroke events were concentrated in July-August. There were significant differences in the monthly distribution of different events. The infectious disease events mainly occurred in schools. The reported incidence rate of primary school is the highest 0.0270.The average time interval between the direct report of disease control agency and network report is 3 hours. [conclusion] Shanghai CDC has a good timeliness of direct online reporting of public health emergencies of infectious diseases. Common health incidents remain the focus of prevention and control. Focus on primary schools, strengthen surveillance and immunization management. Occupational poisoning should focus on reducing mortality and mortality.
【作者单位】：上海市疾病预防控制中心应急管理处;
【基金】：上海市卫生局卫生政策课题(编号:2011HP014)
【分类号】：R181.3

【参考文献】