2016年全国血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

发布时间：2018-03-28 11:11

本文选题：血吸虫病　切入点：监测　出处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2017年06期

【摘要】：目的分析2016年全国血吸虫病监测点疫情,为科学评价血吸虫病防治效果提供参考。方法按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案(2014版)》的要求,在全国13个省(直辖市、自治区)所有血吸虫病流行县(市、区)和三峡库区的潜在流行县(市、区)共设立454个国家级监测点,按照不同流行类型对当地常住居民、流动人群、家畜的日本血吸虫(Schistosoma japonicum)感染情况,钉螺分布及感染情况等进行监测,并对监测结果进行汇总和分析。结果 2016年,全国454个血吸虫病监测点共采用间接红细胞凝集试验(IHA)筛查本地居民129 971人,血清抗体阳性者3 852例,其中3 801例血清抗体阳性者接受了病原学检查,发现粪检阳性者21例(湖南省19例,江西省2例),居民血吸虫感染率为0.02%(21/129 971);血清学方法筛查流动人群共97 474人,血清抗体阳性者980例,其中953例血清抗体阳性者接受了病原学检查,发现粪检阳性者9例(浙江省8例,湖南省1例,均为输入性感染者),监测点流动人群血吸虫感染率为0.01%(9/97 474)。全国的监测点均无急性血吸虫病病例报告。监测点共检测家畜12 769头,发现血吸虫感染家畜(牛)1头。监测点累计调查钉螺面积22 371.69 hm~2(1 hm~2=10 000 m~2),查出有螺面积6 999.57 hm2,其中新发现钉螺面积136.77 hm~2,分布于安徽省和上海市;除湖北、湖南和广东省以外,其余各省监测点复现钉螺面积125.22 hm~2,但均未发现感染性钉螺。结论 2016年全国血吸虫病疫情稳定,未发现急性感染病例和感染性钉螺,人、畜保持血吸虫低感染状态。局部新发现或复现钉螺。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis surveillance sites in 2016, and to provide a reference for the scientific evaluation of schistosomiasis control effect. Methods according to the requirements of the National schistosomiasis Surveillance Program 2014, 13 provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government), In the autonomous region, 454 state-level surveillance points have been set up in all schistosomiasis endemic counties (cities and districts) and in potential endemic counties (cities and districts) in the three Gorges Reservoir area, to be used for local residents and floating populations according to different epidemic types. The infection of Schistosoma japonicum, the distribution and infection of snails in domestic animals were monitored, and the results were summarized and analyzed. A total of 129,971 local residents were screened by indirect erythrocyte agglutination test (IHAs) in 454 schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China. Among them, 3,852 cases were positive for serum antibodies, among which 3,801 cases were tested for etiology. 21 cases (19 cases in Hunan Province and 2 cases in Jiangxi Province) were found to be positive in fecal examination, the infection rate of schistosomiasis was 0.02%, the serological method was used to screen 97 474 floating population, 980 cases were positive for serum antibody. Among them, 953 cases with positive serum antibody were examined by etiology, 9 cases were found to be positive in fecal examination (8 cases in Zhejiang Province, 1 case in Hunan Province, 1 case in Hunan Province). The infection rate of Schistosoma japonicum in floating population was 0.01 / 97,4740.There were no cases of acute schistosomiasis reported in all the monitoring sites in China. 12,769 domestic animals were detected at the monitoring points. The total snail area of 22 371.69 hm~2(1 hm~2=10 000 m-2 was investigated at the surveillance site. The snail area was found to be 6 999.57 hm-2, among which the newly discovered snail area was 136.77 hmm-2, which was distributed in Anhui and Shanghai provinces, except Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong Province, with the exception of Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong provinces. The area of Oncomelania hupensis reappeared in other provinces was 125.22 hmm2, but no infected snails were found. Conclusion the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in China in 2016 is stable, there are no cases of acute infection and infected snails. The animals kept low infection status of schistosomiasis. Oncomelania hupensis was discovered or reappeared locally.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所世界卫生组织热带病合作中心科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室;
【基金】：上海市公共卫生第四轮三年行动计划(No.15GWZK0101) 国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFC1202000,No.2016YFC1202001) 国家自然科学青年基金(No.81301454)~~
【分类号】：R181.8;R532.21

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