2010-2016年福州市水痘流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-02 12:21

  本文选题：水痘　切入点：流行病学特征　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年17期

【摘要】：目的分析2010-2016年福州市水痘流行病学特征,为制定水痘防控和免疫规划策略提供参考。方法对中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的2010-2016年福州市水痘发病资料,进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2010-2016年福州市共报告4 560例水痘病例,无死亡病例,年均报告发病率为9.15/10万。2010-2016年水痘报告发病率呈现较平稳下降趋势(X_(趋势)~2=104.9,P0.001);水痘发病呈现双峰分布,每年5-7月出现一个小高峰,到10月份病例又开始迅速上升,到12月达到高峰,较上一峰值明显增高,持续到次年1月后开始下降;各县(市)、区均有水痘病例报告,平均年报告发病率居前5位的是闽清县(205.04/10万)、连江县(127.80/10万)、鼓楼区(126.38/10万)、罗源县(122.01/10万)和永泰县(121.03/10万);病例主要以散发和局部暴发为主。2010-2016年水痘发病主要集中在5~14岁,以学生发病比例最高(49.50%)。男性平均发病率为11.05/10万,女性平均发病率为8.47/10万,男性平均发病率高于女性;暴发疫情主要发生在小学。结论 2010-2016年福州市水痘报告发病总体呈下降趋势,特别是推荐2剂次接种程序后,适龄儿童发病逐年下降,但仍存在薄弱地区和人群。所以要加强健康宣传,提高儿童家长带儿童进行水痘疫苗接种的主动性和及时性;同时通过培训提高临床医生的识别诊断,及时发现病例、早报告、早隔离和早治疗,减少传播机会,降低水痘发病。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Fuzhou from 2010 to 2016, and to provide a reference for the strategy of chicken pox prevention and control and immunization planning. Methods the data of chickenpox incidence in Fuzhou from 2010 to 2016 were reported by China Disease Surveillance Information report Management system. Results A total of 4,560 cases of chickenpox were reported in Fuzhou from 2010 to 2016. The annual reported incidence of chickenpox is 9.15 / 100,000.The reported incidence of chickenpox in 2010-2016 shows a relatively steady downward trend. (the trend is 2104.9m P0.001; the incidence of chickenpox shows a bimodal distribution, with a small peak in May-July each year. By October, the incidence of chickenpox began to rise rapidly again, and reached its peak in December. It was significantly higher than the previous peak and continued to decline after January of the following year. Cases of chickenpox were reported in all counties (cities and districts). The average annual reported incidence in Minqing County is 205.04 / 100,000, in Lianjiang County 127.80 / 100 million, in Gulou District 126.38 / 100 000, in Luoyuan County 12201 / 100 000), and in Yongtai County 121.033 / 10 脳 10 000.The main cases are sporadic and local outbreaks. In 2010-2016, the incidence of chickenpox was mainly concentrated at 5 to 14 years of age. The highest incidence rate was 49.50% among students. The average incidence of male was 11.05 / 100 000, and that of female was 8.47% / 100 000. The average incidence of male was higher than that of female. Conclusion the reported incidence of chickenpox in Fuzhou City from 2010 to 2016 showed a downward trend, especially after the recommended 2 doses of vaccination procedure, the incidence of chickenpox in children of right age decreased year by year. But there are still weak areas and people. Therefore, it is necessary to step up health publicity to increase the initiative and timeliness of children's parents taking their children to vaccinate their children with varicella vaccine; at the same time, through training to improve the identification and diagnosis of clinicians, timely detection of cases, and early reporting, Early isolation and early treatment to reduce transmission opportunities and reduce the incidence of chickenpox.
【作者单位】： 福州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科;
【分类号】：R181.3;R511.5
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本文编号：1700384