2007～2009年ICU医院感染状况调查与分析

发布时间：2018-04-21 02:10

本文选题：医院感染 + 重症监护病房　；参考：《新疆医科大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:回顾调查分析ICU内医院获得性感染(Nosocomial Infection, NI)的流行病学规律、病原体、医院感染类型和分布,为ICU医院感染的防治提供依据。方法:收集整理2007年1月～2009年12月入住ICU的7738份,符合医院感染诊断标准的临床资料进行统计分析。同时按标准剔除部分病例。筛选出427例病例进行回顾性分析。通过查阅病史及医院感染登记表后统一填写调查表。调查内容主要包括性别、年龄、原发病、住院天数、感染日期、易感因素、侵入性操作、抗生素使用情况、感染部位、致病菌及药敏。对上述数据进行统计学分析。结果:2007～2009年ICU医院感染感染人次率5.52%,感染例次率为15.3%,3年感染率比较具有统计学差异。常见感染部位依次是呼吸道、血液、术区引流、切口、中心静脉导管、泌尿系统、颅内、胸膜腔等,感染构成比分别为72.1%、9.4%、4.7%、2.7%、2.1%、1.4%、1.2%、1.2%,ICU医院获得性感染病原菌的排名依次是鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。结论:ICU内医院感染的患病率仍居高不下,应采取综合措施,加强医院感染防治,从而降低ICU感染率。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and analyze the epidemiology, pathogens, types and distribution of nosocomial infection (NI) in ICU, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection in ICU. Methods: 7738 patients admitted to ICU from January 2007 to December 2009 were collected and analyzed statistically. At the same time, some cases were eliminated according to the standard. 427 cases were selected for retrospective analysis. The questionnaire was completed by consulting the medical history and nosocomial infection registration form. The main contents of the investigation included sex, age, primary disease, length of stay, date of infection, susceptible factors, invasive operation, use of antibiotics, site of infection, pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity. The above data were analyzed statistically. Results from 2007 to 2009, the nosocomial infection rate of ICU was 5.52, and the infection rate was 15.3.The infection rate was significantly different in three years. The common infection sites were respiratory tract, blood, drainage area, incision, central venous catheter, urinary system, intracranial, pleural cavity, and so on. The infection composition ratio was 72.1and 9.4and 4.7cm, respectively. The pathogen of nosocomial infection in ICU was Acinetobacter baumannii. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection is still high in the ICU. The comprehensive measures should be taken to strengthen the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection so as to reduce the infection rate of ICU.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R181.3

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