2011-2015年广州市手足口病流行病学特征及病原学监测分析

发布时间：2018-04-22 21:33

本文选题：手足口病 + 肠道病毒　；参考：《现代预防医学》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的分析2011-2015年广州市手足口病流行病学特征情况,了解引起手足口病的常见病原及其他肠道病毒的特征,为不同型别手足口病病例监测和防控提供参考依据。方法收集广州市2011年1月1日-2015年12月31日各哨点监测医院的疑似手足口病病例及疑似暴发疫情标本,使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法检测病毒核酸。结果5年内共采集疑似及确诊病例的粪便、肛拭子或疱疹液等标本共12 108份,检测总阳性例数有8 922例(73.69%,8922/12 108);2014及2015年发病率最高;其他肠道病毒检出率为35.19%,Cox A16和EV71混合感染112份。广州市每年的4~8月为手足口病的高发期,11月开始又形成一个小次高峰。0~5岁组确诊为手足口病患者的人数最多,共4 262例,该年龄组中EV71、Cox A16的男性患者均比女性多。在手足口病的高发季节,2011-2012,2013-2014年手足口病病原以EV71为主,但在2012-2013,2014-2015年,同样在手足口的高发季节,EV71和Cox A16相比其他年份均出现下降,而其他肠道病毒所占比例呈现明显上升。结论广州地区手足口病的高发期为每年的4~8月,5岁以下儿童更易感染,EV71和Cox A16仍是手足口病的主要病原,在高发期还要加强对其他肠道病毒的检测,掌握病原的流行规律,以分析手足口病病原谱的变化。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2015, to understand the characteristics of the common HFMD and other enterovirus, and to provide reference for the surveillance, prevention and control of different types of HFMD. Methods samples of suspected HFMD cases and suspected outbreaks were collected from sentinel surveillance hospitals in Guangzhou from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect viral nucleic acids. Results 12 108 feces, anal swabs and herpes fluid samples were collected from suspected and confirmed cases in 5 years. The total positive cases were 8 922 cases (73.6922 / 12 108 cases) and 112 cases of mixed infection of other enterovirus (35.19% Cox A16 and EV71) were detected in 2014 and 2015. The period of HFMD is from April to August every year in Guangzhou city. In November, a small peak of Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) was established in November. The number of HFMD diagnosed in 5 years old group was the highest (4 262 cases). In this age group, there were more EV71Cox A16 cases in male than in female. In the high incidence season of HFMD, EV71 was the main pathogen of HFMD in 2013-2014, but in the same high incidence season of HFMD, EV71 and Cox A16 decreased in 2012-2013 and 2014-2015, while the proportion of other enterovirus increased significantly. Conclusion EV71 and Cox A16 are still the main pathogens of HFMD in children under 5 years of age from April to August of each year in Guangzhou, and the detection of other enterovirus should be strengthened during the period of high incidence, and the epidemic regularity of HFMD should be grasped. To analyze the changes of the pathogeny spectrum of hand, foot and mouth disease.
【作者单位】：广州市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2017-2019-07) 柯萨奇病毒A6型基因特征与手足口病临床症状轻重的关系研究(B2015100)
【分类号】：R725.1;R181.3

【相似文献】