沙尘暴细颗粒物的DNA损伤及氧化应激作用

发布时间：2018-04-25 13:46

本文选题：沙尘暴 + 细颗粒物　；参考：《山西大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：大气细颗粒物能够进入人体肺部,甚至到达肺泡区,对健康的危害很大,近年来国内外对大气细颗粒物的研究越来越重视。本论文对沙尘暴细颗粒物的DNA损伤和氧化应激作用进行了研究。所谓大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))是指空气动力学当量直径≤2.5μm的悬浮颗粒物。本研究所使用的PM_(2.5)是用美国热电子公司(ThermoAndersen)生产的PM_(2.5)大流量空气采样器于2004年3月1日至5月31日在甘肃省武威市和内蒙古包头市采集的。本研究分两部分,分别采用体外和体内实验进行沙尘暴PM_(2.5)的毒理学研究。体外实验是用正常天气和沙尘暴PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有机提取物,分别作用于体外培养的大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞(AM),运用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测细胞存活率以及用单细胞凝胶电泳技术(SCGE)检测细胞DNA的损伤作用。结果表明:(1)沙尘暴和正常天气PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有机提取物均对大鼠AM产生一定的细胞毒性,且随剂量的增大而增强。(2)沙尘暴和正常天气PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有机提取物均可引起细胞DNA损伤,且随剂量增加而损伤增大;正常天气比沙尘暴样品对细胞DNA损伤作用更大。(3)不论正常天气PM_(2.5)还是沙尘暴PM_(2.5)其有机提取物对DNA的损伤作用均比水提取物作用更强,表明PM_(2.5)中引起DNA损伤的主要化学物是有机化合物种类。(4)武威与包头两城市工业水平不同,大气污染程度不同,但两地沙尘暴PM_(2.5)及其水提取物和有机提取物对细胞DNA的损伤作用,在两地之间并无明显差异,由此推论两地沙尘暴PM_(2.5)所含遗传毒性化学物可能类似。体内实验采用气管直接注入染毒法,用正常天气和沙尘暴PM_(2.5)给大鼠染毒一次,染毒24h后处死大鼠,分别测定肺、心、肝脏的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及脂质过氧化作用(LPO)水平,同时用SCGE检测肺细胞DNA的损伤。结果表明:(1)沙尘暴和正常天气PM_(2.5)染毒后大鼠肺、肝脏SOD酶的活性均随染毒剂量的增
[Abstract]:The airborne fine particulate matter can enter the lung of the human body , even reach the alveolar region , the harm to the health is great , the research on airborne fine particulate matter is more and more important at home and abroad in recent years . The paper studies the DNA damage and oxidative stress of the fine particles of dust storm .

PM _ ( 2.5 ) , which is used by the Institute , is collected from Wuwei city of Gansu Province and Baotou city of Inner Mongolia from March 1 to May 31 , 2004 .

In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to study the effects of PM _ ( 2.5 ) and water extracts and organic extracts on DNA damage in rats . The results showed that : ( 1 ) Both dust storm and normal weather PM _ ( 2.5 ) and their water extracts and organic extracts could induce cellular DNA damage .

The activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , glutathione ( GSH ) and lipid peroxidation ( LPO ) in lung , heart and liver were measured after 24 hours of exposure . The results showed that : ( 1 ) The activities of SOD and SOD in lung and liver of rats were increased with the increase of the dosage of the infected rats .

【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R188;P445.4

【参考文献】