北京市顺义区2008-2011年水痘突破病例流行病学分析

发布时间：2018-04-28 20:17

本文选题：水痘 + 疫苗　；参考：《现代预防医学》2014年08期

【摘要】：目的了解北京市顺义区水痘疫苗接种后突破病例的发病特点及规律。方法采用流行病学方法,对2008-2011年水痘突破病例资料进行分析。结果顺义区2008-2011年共报告水痘突破病例1 217例,占总病例的31.32%;主要聚集在城区、后沙峪镇、仁和镇等地;发病年龄集中于4~12岁组,呈单峰型,7岁组最高;最后1剂水痘疫苗接种时间和发病的间隔与发热症状病例数(χ2=21.043,P=0.000)和出疹程度(χ2=4.45,P=0.035)成正比;免疫史满3年者发病是不足3年者的4.27倍;在北京接种的突破病例比外地接种者症状轻(χ2=8.256,P=0.016);接种国产疫苗比进口疫苗突破病例出疹程度更重(χ2=15.81,P=0.003)。结论为进一步控制水痘疫情,可考虑入学前接种水痘疫苗;将国内水痘疫苗程序推广为2剂,免疫史满3年者可加强1剂,应急接种范围也可扩大到免疫史超过3年者;水痘突破病例比原发性水痘症状轻,国产疫苗是否与进口疫苗有一定差距成为一个问题。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the characteristics and regularity of the breakthroughs of the chicken pox vaccination in Shunyi District, Beijing. Methods epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of 2008-2011 year's varicella breakthroughs. Results in 2008-2011 years, 1217 cases of varicella breakthrough were reported in Shunyi District, accounting for 31.32% of the total cases, mainly in the City, Hou Sha Yu Town, benevolence Town and other places; the age of onset was concentrated in the 4~12 year group, showing a single peak type, the highest in the 7 year old group; the last 1 doses of varicella vaccination time and the incidence of fever were proportional to the number of fever symptoms (x 2=21.043, P=0.000) and the degree of rash (x 2=4.45, P=0.035); the incidence of the disease was 4.27 times more than that of those who were less than 3 years after the 3 years of immunization; the breakthrough cases inoculated in Beijing were more than the other cases. The inoculant had light symptoms (x 2=8.256, P=0.016); the vaccinated domestic vaccine was more severe than the imported vaccine (x 2=15.81, P=0.003). Conclusion in order to further control the chicken pox epidemic, vaccination of chickenpox before school can be considered; the domestic varicella vaccination program is extended to 2 doses, the population of 3 years of immunization history can be strengthened by 1, and the scope of emergency vaccination can also be expanded. The incidence of varicella breakthrough was lighter than that of primary chickenpox in the past 3 years.

【作者单位】：北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科;
【分类号】：R186

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