腾冲县跨国婚姻外籍妇女艾滋病病毒感染及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 11:38

本文选题：腾冲县 + 跨国　；参考：《中国疾病预防控制中心》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景：云南省周边国家和地区毒品和艾滋病流行形势严峻,而边境线漫长且无天然屏障,文化、历史的渊源使得边民自古以来就有垮境自由贸易、通婚的传统。而跨国婚姻以外国女性嫁入中国为主,且多为事实婚姻,处于各种管理的空白地带。对于跨国婚姻人群艾滋病的流行情况,尚缺乏了解,亟待进一步研究。目的：了解边境地区跨国婚姻外籍妇女艾滋病相关知识水平以及高危行为状况,跨国婚姻外籍妇女及其中国籍配偶艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况,探索边境地区跨国婚姻外籍妇女HIV感染影响因素。方法：采用横断面调查设计,用统一的调查问卷,对腾冲县所有乡镇的跨国婚姻人群进行普查,外籍妇女进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血进行梅毒及HIV抗体检测；中国籍配偶仅采集静脉血进行梅毒及HIV抗体检测。共调查外籍妇女960人(均为缅甸籍),中国籍配偶741人。结果：腾冲县缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女HIV感染的现患率为1.98%,中国籍配偶HIV感染的现患率为1.35%。多因素分析结果表明,在缅甸丧偶的缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女HIV感染的危险性是未婚的27.209倍(95%CI：4.758-155.590),来中国时间小于1年的缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女HIV感染的危险性是1年以上者的8.597倍(95%CI：2.352-31.427),最近1年与临时性伴发生过性关系的缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女HIV感染的危险性是没有临时性伴的15.968倍(95%CI：1.804-141.331)。丧偶、嫁到中国时间短于1年、最近1年与临时性伴发生性关系是缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女HIV感染的危险因素。缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女艾滋病知识知晓率低于该市邻县农村居民以及云南省农村居民平均水平。结论：需要建立有效地监控手段,加强对该人群的艾滋病知识宣教,倡导跨境婚姻人群进行婚前艾滋病自愿检测,及时为他们提供相关干预措施,阻断艾滋病病毒经性途径的传播,有效遏制艾滋病疫情的蔓延。要提高缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女和配偶及其他性伴安全套使用的比例和频率,防止艾滋病经性传播,除了需要提高缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女的艾滋病相关知识之外,还需要加强安全套宣传和发放干预措施的实施力度。对文化程度较低以及年轻的缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女应加强宣教和干预的频度及强度。部分乡镇针对缅甸籍跨国婚姻妇女艾滋病检测咨询等艾滋病预防干预措施比例较低,艾滋病预防干预工作较为薄弱,需要进一步提高和加强。
[Abstract]:Background: the situation of drug and AIDS epidemic in the neighboring countries and regions of Yunnan Province is severe, and the border line is long and there is no natural barrier. The origin of culture and history makes the border people have the tradition of free trade and intermarriage since ancient times. Transnational marriage is dominated by foreign women entering China, and it is mostly de facto marriage, which is in the blank area of all kinds of management. For cross-border marriage population AIDS epidemic situation, still lack understanding, need further research urgently. Objective: to understand the knowledge level and high-risk behavior of foreign women in transnational marriage in border areas, and the HIV infection among foreign women in transnational marriage and their spouses of Chinese nationality. Objective: to explore the influencing factors of HIV infection among foreign women in cross-border marriage. Methods: the cross-sectional survey design was used to survey the cross-country marriage population in all towns and townships of Tengchong County, and the foreign women were surveyed, and venous blood samples were collected to detect syphilis and HIV antibody. Chinese spouses only collected venous blood for detection of syphilis and HIV antibodies. A total of 960 foreign women (all Burmese and 741 Chinese spouses) were investigated. Results: the prevalence rate of HIV infection was 1.98 in Myanmar transnational marriage women in Tengchong County, and 1.35 in Chinese spouses. The results of multivariate analysis show that, Women who are widowed in Myanmar are 27.209 times more likely to be infected with HIV than unmarried women in transnational marriages. Women who have been in China for less than a year are 8.597 times more likely to be infected with HIV than those who have been in China for less than a year. The risk of HIV infection in women who have been in China for less than one year is 8.597 times higher than that of those who have been married for more than one year. Women in Myanmar who have had sex on a temporary basis are 15.968 times more likely to have HIV infection than women who do not have a temporary partner, CI: 1.804-141.331. Widowhood, married to China for less than a year, and sexual relations with temporary partners in the last year are the risk factors for HIV infection among Myanmar women in transnational marriages. The awareness rate of HIV / AIDS knowledge among women with transnational marriage in Myanmar was lower than the average level of rural residents in neighboring counties and rural residents in Yunnan Province. Conclusion: it is necessary to establish effective means of monitoring and control, strengthen the propaganda and education on AIDS knowledge of this group, advocate voluntary pre-marital AIDS testing among cross-border marriage groups, and provide them with relevant intervention measures in time. Stop the transmission of HIV through sexual channels, effectively curb the spread of the AIDS epidemic. In order to increase the proportion and frequency of condom use among women in transnational marriages and spouses and other sexual partners in Myanmar in order to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV, in addition to the need to improve the knowledge of HIV / AIDS-related among Myanmar women in transnational marriages, There is also a need to strengthen condom awareness and the implementation of interventions. The frequency and intensity of education and intervention should be strengthened for young Myanmar women with low education level. In some villages and towns, the proportion of HIV / AIDS prevention and intervention measures such as HIV / AIDS testing and consultation for women of transnational marriage in Myanmar is relatively low, and AIDS prevention and intervention work is relatively weak, which needs to be further improved and strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R181.3

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