长春市宽城区2004年-2008年甲乙类传染病动态分析

发布时间：2018-05-04 21:50

本文选题：甲乙类传染病 + 发病率　；参考：《吉林大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着经济全球化和人员流动的增多,加快了传染性疾病的传播和蔓延。我国面临着新老传染病的双重威胁,少数传染病将被消灭,已经基本控制的传染病又卷土重来,新传染病不断被陆续发现。近年有多起重大传染性疾病的爆发流行,例如被称为“20世纪瘟疫”的艾滋病,自1981年在美国首次报道以来,其病例已遍及197个国家和地区,某些发展中国家艾滋病的流行几乎影响到民族的存亡;2003年初,突如其来的传染性非典型肺炎作为21世纪人类面临的第一个未知传染病,自2002年11月16日在我国广东佛山市出现“首例病人”后,以全球化为基础,短期内蔓延流行开来,演化为全球性公共性危机,引起全世界的震动和关注。以往,多对单一传染病的一定阶段的监测资料进行分析,未曾对各种传染病监测资料进行总体发病形势的分析,缺乏对甲乙类传染病发病全面、系统的了解;本次通过对2004—2008年甲乙类传染病监测资料的分析,了解长春市宽城区甲乙类传染病的发病水平及构成,探索影响传染病消长的相关因素,总结防治经验,为制定卫生政策提供科学依据,为其他相关政策的制定提供基础资料。分析结果显示:1、2004—2008年宽城区累计报告甲、乙类传染病14种,总计发病数5861例,发病率为239.03/10万,死亡人数共6例,死亡率为0.245/10万。发病率有下降趋势。2、肝炎、肺结核、痢疾、麻疹、淋病、梅毒以及猩红热分别在各年排在发病率的前五位,出现死亡病例的传染病为流脑、肺结核及AIDS/HIV三种。3、宽城区2004—2008年法定报告甲乙类传染病发病以消化道传染病为主,消化道传染病与呼吸道传染病占发病总数的80%以上,性传播传染病排在第三位,先降后升。4、发病年龄相对有两个发病高峰,分别为20—30岁及75岁以上,20—30岁之间的发病人数1246人,占发病总数的21.3%,发病率为275.21/10万。5、2004—2008年各年度男性发病率均高于女性发病率。6、2004—2008年甲乙类传染病发病职业构成,以其它类的构成比例最高,其次为家务及待业类,排在第三位的是工人类。
[Abstract]:With the economic globalization and the increase of personnel mobility, the spread and spread of infectious diseases have been accelerated. China is faced with the double threat of new and old infectious diseases, a few infectious diseases will be eliminated, the already basically controlled infectious diseases have made a comeback, and new infectious diseases have been discovered one after another. In recent years, there have been many outbreaks of major infectious diseases, such as AIDS, known as the "twentieth century plague". Since it was first reported in the United States in 1981, its cases have spread to 197 countries and regions. The AIDS epidemic in some developing countries almost affected the survival of the nation. In early 2003, the sudden outbreak of infectious atypical pneumonia was the first unknown infectious disease facing mankind in the 21st century. Since the first patient appeared in Foshan City, Guangdong Province on November 16, 2002, based on globalization, it has spread and become popular in a short period of time, and has evolved into a global public crisis, which has aroused worldwide shock and attention. In the past, most of the monitoring data of a single infectious disease were analyzed, but the general incidence situation of each infectious disease was not analyzed, and there was a lack of comprehensive and systematic understanding of the incidence of A and B infectious diseases. Based on the analysis of surveillance data of class A and B infectious diseases from 2004 to 2008, the incidence level and composition of class A and B infectious diseases in Kuancheng District of Changchun City were studied, the relevant factors affecting the growth and decline of infectious diseases were explored, and the experiences of prevention and control were summarized. To provide scientific basis for the formulation of health policy and provide basic data for other related policies. The results show that 14 kinds of class B infectious diseases were reported in Kuancheng District from 2004 to 2008, with a total incidence of 5861 cases, the incidence rate of 239.03 / 10 million, and the total death toll of 6 cases, with a mortality rate of 0.245% / 100 000. The incidence of hepatitis, tuberculosis, dysentery, measles, gonorrhea, syphilis and scarlet fever were among the top five in each year. Three kinds of tuberculosis and AIDS/HIV. 3. The incidence of A and B infectious diseases in Kuancheng District from 2004 to 2008 was mainly alimentary tract infectious diseases, digestive tract infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases accounted for more than 80% of the total incidence, sexually transmitted infectious diseases ranked the third place. There were two peaks in the age of onset, namely, 1246 people aged 20-30 years and over 75 years old, and the number of patients aged 20-30 years old, and the number of patients aged 20 to 30 years old. The incidence rate of male was higher than that of female in 2004-2008. The occupational composition of the incidence of class A and B infectious diseases in 2004-2008 was higher than that of female, and the proportion of other categories was the highest, followed by household and waiting for work. In third place are the workers.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R181.8

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