潍坊市2007-2012年麻疹流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-05-14 11:53

本文选题：麻疹 + 流行病学特征　；参考：《现代预防医学》2014年09期

【摘要】：目的了解潍坊市2007-2012年麻疹疫情流行规律,为消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,研究探讨潍坊市2007-2012年麻疹流行规律。结果 2007-2012年潍坊市报告麻疹确诊病例385例,均为散发病例,无死亡病例,年均发病率为0.72/10万,其中,2008、2010年出现两个发病高峰,发病率分别为1.49/10万、1.17/10万,2012年发病率降至0.033/10万。3-5月为发病高峰,病例主要集中在寿光、诸城、安丘、青州四个市,占72.73%(280/385)。发病年龄最小2个月,最大63岁,病例年龄以1岁婴儿和20~44岁成年人为主。职业以民工、工人、农民和散居儿童为主,民工、工人和农民所占比例平均为52.47%(202/385);散居儿童所占比例平均为22.08%(85/385);民工、工人、农民和散居儿童发病人群所占比例逐渐升高,托幼儿童和学生逐渐降低。≥8月龄病例中有明确麻疹疫苗免疫史者96例,占26.74%;其中8月龄~14岁有明确麻疹免疫史者66例,占该年龄组病例的66%。结论潍坊市麻疹发病年龄构成以小于1岁婴儿和20~44岁成年人为主,出现向两极移动现象,1岁以下婴幼儿发病呈上升趋势。今后要提高常规免疫接种率和及时接种率,降低小年龄儿童麻疹发病率;适时对重点地区、重点人群开展疫苗麻疹强化免疫,消除免疫空白。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemic pattern of measles in Weifang from 2007 to 2012 and to provide scientific basis for eliminating measles. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to study the epidemic pattern of measles in Weifang from 2007 to 2012. Results from 2007 to 2012, 385 confirmed measles cases were reported in Weifang city, all of them were sporadic cases, and there were no death cases. The average annual incidence rate was 0.72 / 100,000, among which there were two peaks in 2008 and 2010. The incidence rate was 14.9 / 100,000,000 / 11.7 / 100,000, respectively. In 2012, the incidence rate dropped to 0.033 / 100,000.3-5 months was the peak. The cases were mainly concentrated in Shouguang, Zhucheng, Anqiu and Qingzhou cities, accounting for 72.73% 280 / 385N. The age of onset was 2 months and the maximum was 63 years old. The age of the cases was mainly 1 year old infants and 20 44 years old adults. The occupations are mainly migrant workers, peasants and children living in the diaspora. The average proportion of migrant workers, workers and peasants is 52.47% 2022 / 385; the average proportion of scattered children is 22.08% / 385%; the proportion of migrant workers, peasants and children living in the diaspora is gradually increasing. 96 cases (26.74%) had definite history of measles vaccine immunization, 66 cases (66%) of them had definite history of measles immunization at the age of 14 years old or 8 months old, accounting for 66% of the cases in this age group. Conclusion the age composition of measles incidence in Weifang is mainly under 1 year old infants and 20 44 years old adults, and the occurrence of the phenomenon of moving toward the two poles shows an increasing trend for infants under 1 year old. In the future, the routine immunization coverage rate and the timely vaccination rate should be increased, the incidence of measles in young children should be reduced, and the vaccination should be carried out in key areas and key population groups in order to eliminate the immunization blank.
【作者单位】：潍坊市疾病预防控制中心;潍坊市妇幼保健院;
【基金】：潍坊市科技计划项目(2013057)
【分类号】：R181.3;R511.1

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