再生水电化学消毒的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 13:15

本文选题：电化学消毒 + 再生水　；参考：《中国人民解放军军事医学科学院》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 由于环境污染的加剧，人们迫切需要更有效、更经济、更清洁的污染消除技术，作为一种“环境友好技术”的电化学技术在环境污染物的检测、环境污染物的处理、清洁生产、清洁能源等方面，发挥着越来越重要的作用。在水的消毒处理中，电化学法具有消毒效果好、无二次污染、有持续消毒效果、自动化程度高、处理对象广泛等优点，因此它作为一种高级氧化过程而受到人们的关注。本文的研究目的是在实验室过去研究的基础上，将电化学技术应用于再生水消毒过程中，达到工程化应用的目的。研究内容包括：各种不同电极材料应用于电化学消毒效果评价及最佳电极材料的选择；在再生水环境中，处理时间、极板间距和电压对电极表面电化学产氯的影响以及电解过程中一些重要水质参数的变化等；在实验室条件下，研究反应器产生的消毒因子对微生物的杀灭效果、杀菌机理及影响因素，研究消毒剂在水中的持续消毒效果；大吨位电化学消毒反应器的应用于2000m~3／d的再生水回用示范工程中，运行模式、消毒技术特点与规律的观察和研究。通过上述研究得出以下主要结论：电化学消毒法能够有效地通过产生活性物质包括Cl_2、ClO_2、O_3、H_2O_2、ClO_2、OH·等，它们能够有效的杀灭再生水中的微生物。形稳阳极(dimensionally stable anode，DSA)具有表面积大、电化学稳定性好、电催化性能优异的特点，适合作为再生水电化学消毒的电极材料。活性氯产量受极板间距和电压的影响较大，电压增大和极板间距减小均可以增加活性氯产量，但是同时也可能使电流效率降低；在对再生水的电化学消毒过程中，水体的pH、ORP和电导率变化不大；电化学产生的活性氯成分在水体中的衰减速度与氯气相当，但远低于臭氧的衰减速度。针对再生水厂砂滤出水进行的电解消毒器现场应用试验表明，再生水消毒水量为2000m~3／d的电解消毒装置的合理设计参数为：电解槽电压24V、电流密度10.8mA／cm~2、比电级面积19.2 cm．d／m~3、水力停留时间为37S，处理后水中余氯0.67mg／L，消毒30min后细菌总数为28cfu／ml，总大肠菌群为1个／L，氨氮去除率为16.3％，运行能耗为0.095 kWh／m~3，，pH值、电导率、COD等没有明显变化。
[Abstract]:As environmental pollution intensifies, people urgently need more effective, more economical and cleaner pollution removal technology. As an "environment-friendly technology", electrochemical technology can be used to detect environmental pollutants, treat environmental pollutants, and clean production. Clean energy and other aspects, play a more and more important role. In the disinfection treatment of water, electrochemical method has the advantages of good disinfection effect, no secondary pollution, continuous disinfection effect, high degree of automation, wide range of treatment objects and so on. Therefore, it has attracted people's attention as a kind of advanced oxidation process. The purpose of this paper is to apply electrochemical technology in the process of reclaimed water disinfection on the basis of previous laboratory research and to achieve the purpose of engineering application. The research contents include: the evaluation of electrochemical disinfection effect of various electrode materials and the selection of the best electrode materials, the treatment time in the reclaimed water environment, Effects of electrode spacing and voltage on electrochemical chlorine production on electrode surface and changes of some important water quality parameters during electrolysis. The germicidal mechanism and influencing factors were studied to study the continuous disinfection effect of disinfectant in water, and the application of large-tonnage electrochemical disinfection reactor to the demonstration project of reclaimed water reuse of 2000m~3/d. The operation mode, characteristics and regularity of disinfection technology were observed and studied. The main conclusions obtained from the above study are as follows: Electrochemical disinfection can effectively kill microbes in regenerated water by producing active substances, including Cl2COs, ClOs, 2S, H2O2CIO, 2OH, and so on. The shape stabilized anode has the advantages of large surface area, good electrochemical stability and excellent electrocatalytic performance. It is suitable for electrochemical disinfection of regenerated water. The production of active chlorine is greatly affected by the plate spacing and voltage. The increase of voltage and the decrease of plate spacing can increase the production of active chlorine, but at the same time, it may also reduce the current efficiency. The pH value of ORP and the conductivity of the water had little change, and the decay rate of the active chlorine components produced by electrochemistry was similar to that of chlorine gas, but much lower than that of ozone. The field application test of electrolytic sterilizer for sand filtration in reclaimed water plant shows that, The reasonable design parameters of electrolytic disinfecting device with regenerated water disinfector quantity 2000m~3/d are as follows: electrolytic cell voltage 24V, current density 10.8mA / cm ~ (-2), specific electric area 19.2 cm 路d / m ~ (-1), hydraulic retention time (HRT) 37s, residual chlorine 0.67 mg / L / L after treatment, total bacterial count after disinfection of 30min is 28cfur / ml, the total number of bacteria after disinfection is 28cfur / ml. Coliform group is 1 / L, ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 16. 3%, running energy consumption is 0.095 KW / m ~ 3 pH value, There was no obvious change in conductivity, COD and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中国人民解放军军事医学科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：R187

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