2005-2014年贵州省剑河县传染病流行情况分析

发布时间：2018-05-27 03:05

本文选题：法定传染病 + 流行特征　；参考：《现代预防医学》2016年09期

【摘要】：目的掌握传染病发病趋势和流行特征,为制定传染病防治对策与控制措施提供科学依据。方法对剑河县2005-2014年传染病疫情进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2005-2014年剑河县无甲类传染病报告,共报告乙、丙类传染病26种,发病9 117例,死亡26例,年报告发病率为467.95/10万、死亡率为1.337/10万、病死率为0.29%;发病率居前3位病种分别是肺结核、病毒性肝炎和急性流行性腮腺炎,占发病总数的62.38%;死亡数居前3位病种分别是狂犬病、肺结核和艾滋病、新生儿破伤风、乙脑,占发病总数的0.25%,占死亡总数的88.46%;病死率居前3位病种分别是狂犬病、新生儿破伤风和艾滋病;血源及性传播疾病发病数从2005年的81例上升到2014年的144例,上升了1.77倍;无白喉和脊髓灰质炎病例,2010-2014年无麻疹发病。结论 2005-2014年剑河县传染病发病处于相对稳定状态,病例分布无明显季节性,以呼吸道传染病发病为主,发病人群以农民、学生为主;血源及性传播疾病随着人们行为和生活方式改变呈上升趋势,应加强疫情监测和防控工作力度;免疫规划疫苗针对疾病得到有效控制,疫苗接种是控制和消除传染病的最有效手段。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemic trend and epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods Epidemiological analysis of infectious diseases in Jianhe County from 2005 to 2014 was carried out. Results from 2005 to 2014, there were 26 kinds of B and C infectious diseases reported in Jianhe County, with 9,117 cases of morbidity and 26 cases of death. The annual reported incidence rate was 467.95 / 100 000, and the mortality rate was 133.7% / 100 000. The mortality rate was 0.29. The top three diseases were tuberculosis, viral hepatitis and acute mumps, which accounted for 62.38 of the total number of cases. The top three diseases were rabies, tuberculosis and AIDS, neonatal tetanus and encephalitis B respectively. 0.25% of the total number of diseases, 88.46% of the total number of deaths, the first three diseases were rabies, neonatal tetanus and AIDS, the number of blood and sexually transmitted diseases increased from 81 cases in 2005 to 144 cases in 2014, which increased by 1.77 times. No cases of diphtheria and poliomyelitis were reported in 2010-2014. Conclusion from 2005 to 2014, the incidence of infectious diseases in Jianhe County was relatively stable, and the distribution of cases was not obvious seasonal. The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases was mainly in the population of farmers and students. Blood and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are on the rise with the change of people's behavior and lifestyle. Surveillance and control of the epidemic situation should be strengthened, and immunization program vaccines should be effectively controlled against the disease. Vaccination is the most effective means to control and eliminate infectious diseases.
【作者单位】：剑河县疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.3

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