新生儿细菌感染性疾病的病原菌分布及药敏分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 22:08

本文选题：新生儿 + 病原菌　；参考：《兰州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的监测新生儿细菌感染性疾病的病原菌分布及药敏状况,为合理使用抗菌药物提供依据,指导临床用药。方法回顾性分析2011年6月至2012年5月323例感染性疾病新生儿咽拭子、脐分泌物、痰液、血液、脓疱液、洗胃液等标本细菌培养及分离菌株药敏结果,进行统计学分析。结果共分离出184株病原菌,其中革兰氏阴性菌为94株(51.1%),主要为大肠埃希氏菌37株(39.4%)、肺炎克雷伯杆菌27株(28.7%)及阴沟肠杆菌10株(10.6%)等；革兰氏阳性菌为90株(48.9%),包括金黄色葡萄球菌24株(26.7%)、表皮葡萄球菌18株(20.0%)及溶血葡萄球菌11株(12.2%)等。新生儿败血症前三位病原菌依次为：表皮葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌。革兰氏阴性菌对亚胺培南敏感性为97.3%、阿米卡星100%、头孢哌酮舒巴坦77.8%、哌拉西林他唑巴坦88.8%,对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟敏感性低于40.0%、头孢哌酮、头孢呋辛低于25.0%,哌拉西林低于15.0%；革兰氏阳性菌对利奈唑胺敏感性为100%,对青霉素敏感性均低于15.0%,表皮葡萄球菌万古霉素敏感性为95.0%,对替考拉宁敏感性为93.8%。结论新生儿感染性疾病病原主要为革兰氏阴性菌,包括大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌；革兰阳性病原以金黄色葡萄球菌及表皮葡萄球菌为主。不同季节及地区检出病原菌不同。细菌对常用的一线、二线抗生素敏感性较低。合理、及时的选择敏感的抗菌药物是有效治疗新生儿感染性疾病的关键。
[Abstract]:Objective to monitor the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity of neonatal bacterial infectious diseases, to provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents and to guide clinical drug use. Methods from June 2011 to May 2012, the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity of 323 newborns with infectious diseases, such as pharynx swabs, umbilical secretions, sputum, blood, pustular fluid and gastric lavage fluid, were analyzed statistically. Results 184 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, of which 94 strains were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly 37 strains of Escherichia coli, 39.4%, 27 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 10 strains of Enterobacter cloacae (10.6%). There were 90 strains of Gram-positive bacteria, including 24 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 26. 7% of Staphylococcus aureus, 18 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis 20. 0) and 11 strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The first three pathogens of neonatal septicemia were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria to imipenem was 97.3cm, amicacin 100, cefoperazone sulbactam 77.8, piperacillin tazobactam 88.8am, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime less than 40.0g, cefoperazone, cefoperazone. Cefuroxime was lower than 25.0, piperacillin was lower than 15.0, Gram-positive bacteria had sensitivity to linazolamine 100, penicillin less than 15.0, Staphylococcus epidermidis to vancomycin 95.0 and teicoplanin 93.8um. Conclusion the main pathogens of neonatal infectious diseases are Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Gram-positive pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pathogens were detected in different seasons and regions. Bacteria are less sensitive to common-line and second-line antibiotics. Rational and timely selection of sensitive antimicrobial agents is the key to the effective treatment of neonatal infectious diseases.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R181.3

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