家庭收入和教育水平对中年居民BMI及其变化特征的影响

发布时间：2018-06-03 11:46

本文选题：BMI + 两水平模型　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的了解中年人群BMI(Body Mass Index)的水平以及BMI从2000年到2011年共12年间的变化特征。探索家庭收入和教育水平等社会经济地位指标及人口学特征指标对中年人群BMI及其变化特征的影响并探讨适合BMI变化特点及其影响因素的分析方法。方法收集参加2000年、2004年、2006年、2009年、2011年“中国居民健康与营养调查”项目共5轮的调查资料,以基线年龄在45~65岁间共1507名中年居民(男663,女844)为研究对象;首先对研究对象的不同研究指标进行描述性分析;然后以BMI为因变量,分别将随时间改变的变量如家庭收入、家庭人数、婚姻状态、工作状态、吸烟、饮酒等纳入第一水平,将随时间不变的变量如性别、基线年龄、教育水平、居住地域等作为个体水平的自变量,使用两水平模型探讨BMI在个体间和个体内的差异。结果1.中年人在2000年到2011年间BMI整体呈二次函数关系,公式为2 20 1 20.05Y(23.314 0.003)()2ij ij ij j j ij j ij ij(28)(10)T(10)T(10)m(10)mT(10)mT(10)r,;其中截距项、线性项系数、二次项系数均有统计学意义。BMI平均水平从23.31 kg/m2增加到23.38kg/m2。2.中年人教育水平越高则BMI水平越高(b=0.27,P0.001)而BMI增加速度越低(b=-0.02,P=0.005);家庭收入越高,BMI越高(b=3.41×10-5,P=0.049)。3.年龄越大的中年人BMI越低(b=-0.03,P=0.038),同时BMI的变化速度随着年龄的增长趋于变慢(b=-4.37×10-3,P0.001);女性比男性的平均BMI水平高(b=0.56,P=0.002),但男女间BMI随时间变化速度差异无统计学意义(b=-0.03,P=0.100);东北地区居民BMI平均水平较华中(b=-0.724,P=0.002)、华南(b=-2.623,P0.001)、西南(b=-1.589,P0.001)等地区相比更高;目前有工作的人BMI相对较低(b=-0.14,P=0.011)。4.吸烟者与从未吸烟的人相比BMI更低(b=-0.31,P=0.002),戒烟者与从未吸烟者BMI差异无统计学意义(b=-0.12,P=0.336);饮酒者和不饮酒的人间BMI差异无统计学意义(b=-0.01,P=0.894)。结论1.教育水平和家庭收入水平等社会经济地位指标与BMI正相关,但是教育水平越高则BMI随时间增加越慢,变化特征的结果类似大多发达国家。肥胖风险增加等问题可能会向社会上的一些弱势群体如家庭收入或者教育水平较低的人群转移。2.女性、东北地区、目前没工作等人群BMI平均水平相对较高;年龄越大,BMI越低,且BMI增加速度越慢。3.吸烟的人和不吸烟者相比BMI会降低,戒烟后BMI会增加。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the level of BMI(Body Mass Index and the characteristics of BMI in 12 years from 2000 to 2011. To explore the influence of social and economic status indicators such as family income and education level and demographic characteristics on BMI and its changing characteristics among middle-aged people and to explore the analytical methods suitable for the changing characteristics and influencing factors of BMI. Methods the data of 5 rounds of "Health and Nutrition Survey of Chinese residents" in 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 were collected. 1507 middle-aged residents (male 663, female 844) between 45 and 65 years old were selected as the subjects. First, descriptive analysis was carried out on the different research indicators of the subjects, and then the variables such as family income, family size, marital status, working status, smoking and drinking were included in the first level with BMI as dependent variable. The variables such as sex, baseline age, education level and residence area are regarded as independent variables of individual level, and the difference of BMI between individuals and individuals is discussed by using two-level model. Result 1. From 2000 to 2011, the whole BMI of middle-aged people showed a quadratic function relationship, the formula was 2201 20.05Y(23.314 0.003)()2ij ij j j ij IJJ 28 ~ 10 ~ (10) T ~ (10) T ~ (10) T ~ (10) T ~ (10) ~ (10) T ~ (10) ~ (10) T ~ (10) ~ (10) T ~ (10) ~ (1) ~ (10) ~ (10) ~ (?) ~ (10) ~ (?) ~ (10) ~ (10) ~ (?) ~ (10) ~ (?)? The higher the education level of middle-aged people, the higher the BMI level is, the lower the increase rate of BMI is, the higher the family income is, the higher the BMI level is. The BMI of the older middle-aged people was lower than that of the older ones, and the change rate of BMI tended to slow down with the increase of age. The average BMI level of females was higher than that of males, but there was no significant difference in the rate of BMI changes between men and women with time; in Northeast China, there was no significant difference in the change rate of BMI between men and women; in Northeast China, there was no significant difference in the change rate of BMI between men and women. In Northeast China, the average BMI level in females was higher than that in males, but there was no significant difference between men and women in the rate of BMI change with time. The average BMI level of residents was higher than that of central China (BX) -0.724 (P0. 002), South China (BX)-2.623 (P0. 001), and southwestern China (BU-1. 589% P0. 001). At present, the BMI of working people is relatively lower than that of BU-0. 14 P0. 011. 4. The BMI of smokers was lower than that of those who had never smoked. There was no significant difference in BMI between smokers and non-smokers. There was no significant difference in BMI between drinkers and non-smokers. Conclusion 1. Social and economic status indicators such as education level and family income level are positively correlated with BMI, but the higher the educational level, the slower the increase of BMI over time, and the result of changing characteristics is similar to that of most developed countries. Problems such as the increased risk of obesity may shift to some vulnerable groups in society, such as those with lower household incomes or lower education levels. The average level of BMI in women, in Northeast China, is relatively high at present; the older the population is, the lower the BMI is, and the slower the increase in BMI is. 3. Smokers had lower BMI than non-smokers, and increased BMI after quitting.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R181.3

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