2005-2009年郑州市金水区乙类和丙类传染病流行特征

发布时间：2018-06-13 10:23

本文选题：郑州市金水区 + 乙丙类传染病　；参考：《郑州大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的通过研究郑州市金水区近5年乙丙类传染病发病资料,分析其流行特征及规律,为制定乙丙类传染病防治策略与措施提供科学的参考。方法本研究采用中国疾病预防控制中心开发的“疾病监测信息报告管理系统”对数据进行收集,采用描述性流行病学方法(选用发病率、死亡率、病死率等指标)进行疾病分布的描述分析。着重对金水区近五年乙丙类传染病的基本情况、不同病种疫情概况、发病病种构成情况、传染病三间分布、重点传染病分析。用Excel软件对数据进行统计处理。结果 1、2005-2009年金水区累计报告乙丙类传染病26种,57598例,死亡34例。五年间传染病发病率为5372.26/10万,死亡率为3.17/10万。其中报告乙类传染病18种,共45234例,发病率为4219.05/10万,死亡33例,死亡率为3.08/10万；报告丙类传染病8种,共12364例,发病率为1153.21/10万,死亡1例,死亡率为0.09/10万。乙丙类法定报告传染病中有11种传染病没有报告。报告发病率逐年上升的传染病是丙类中的手足口病,逐年下降的传染病是乙类中的肺结核、麻疹、痢疾、甲肝、淋病。 2、五年间发病率前五位的传染病分别为乙肝、其它感染性腹泻病、丙肝、手足口病、肺结核,共计46640例,占总发病数的80.98%。发病率下降幅度最大的是肺结核,从2005年的129.55/10万下降至2009年的71.53/10万,下降了44.79%,麻疹、痢疾、甲肝、淋病的发病率分别下降了59.63%、63.41%、40.57%和33.03%。死亡率相对较高的前五位传染病是甲型H1N1流感、乙肝、艾滋病、肺结核、手足口病,占传染病总死亡数的97.06%。 3、五年间,在各类传播途径的传染病中,血源及性传播疾病共报告35500例,报告发病数占传染病发病总数的61.63%,居首位；肠道传染病共报告13238例,占传染病发病总数的22.98%,居第二位；呼吸道传染病、自然疫源性及虫媒传染病分居第三、四位。 4、麻疹、乙脑、流行性腮腺炎、痢疾和其它感染性腹泻的发病有着较强的季节性。乙肝、其它感染性腹泻、丙肝、肺结核、手足口病的性别比总体都呈下降趋势,男、女性别差异在逐渐降低。发病数最多的职业为干部职员,后依次为散居儿童、学生、工人、离退人员,占发病总数的55.98%。结论郑州市金水区近五年的传染病发病率除2009年明显升高,其余四年变化平稳。乙类传染病的发病率和死亡率均高于丙类传染病。血源及性传播疾病是威胁金水区居民健康的主要传染病,影响金水区居民健康的主要传染病是乙肝、手足口病、其它感染性腹泻、丙肝和肺结核。因此,应根据金水区的乙丙类传染病的总体流行规律和不同病种的流行特征,及时制定有效措施进行防治。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the incidence data of class B and C infectious diseases in Jinshui District of Zhengzhou City in recent 5 years, and analyze their epidemic characteristics and laws, and provide scientific reference for formulating strategies and measures for the prevention and control of Class B and C infectious diseases. Methods the data were collected by "disease surveillance information report management system" developed by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used. The disease distribution was described and analyzed. This paper focuses on the basic situation of class B and C infectious diseases in Jinshui District in the past five years, the general situation of different diseases, the constitution of diseases, the distribution of three infectious diseases, and the analysis of key infectious diseases. The data are processed by Excel software. Results (1) A total of 57598 cases of Class B and C infectious diseases were reported in Jinshui District from 2005 to 2009, with 34 deaths. In five years the incidence of infectious diseases was 53,72.26 / 100,000, and the mortality rate was 31.7 / 100,000. Among them, 18 kinds of Class B infectious diseases were reported, 45234 cases were reported, the incidence rate was 4219.05% / 100 000, the death rate was 33 cases, the mortality rate was 30.8% 100 thousand, and the reported 8 kinds of Class C infectious diseases (12364 cases), the incidence rate was 1153.21% / 100 000, the death rate was 0.09 / 10 1 million. Eleven of the statutory notifiable infectious diseases in category B and C were not reported. The infectious diseases reported to be increasing year by year are hand, foot and mouth disease in category C. the infectious diseases that are decreasing year by year are tuberculosis in category B, measles, dysentery, hepatitis A and gonorrhea. The first five infectious diseases in the past two years and five years are hepatitis B, respectively. Other infectious diarrhea, hepatitis C, hand, foot and mouth disease, tuberculosis, a total of 46640 cases, accounting for 80.98% of the total incidence. The biggest decrease in incidence was tuberculosis, from 129.55 / 100 million in 2005 to 715.3 / 100 million in 2009. The incidence of measles, dysentery, hepatitis A and gonorrhea dropped by 59.6333% and 40.57% respectively. The top five infectious diseases with relatively high mortality are influenza A (H1N1), hepatitis B, AIDS, tuberculosis, hand, foot and mouth disease, accounting for 97.06.1% of the total deaths from infectious diseases. In five years, among the infectious diseases of various transmission routes, A total of 35500 cases of blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases were reported, accounting for 61.63% of the total number of infectious diseases, and 13238 cases of intestinal infectious diseases were reported, accounting for 22.98% of the total number of infectious diseases, ranking second, respiratory infectious diseases, (4) measles, encephalitis B, mumps, dysentery and other infectious diarrhea have strong seasonal characteristics. The sex ratio of hepatitis B, other infectious diarrhea, hepatitis C, pulmonary tuberculosis, hand, foot and mouth disease is decreasing, while the difference between male and female is decreasing. The most common diseases were cadres and staff, followed by scattered children, students, workers and retired workers, accounting for 55.98% of the total incidence. Conclusion the incidence of infectious diseases in Jinshui District of Zhengzhou City in recent five years has been stable except for 2009. The morbidity and mortality of class B infectious disease were higher than that of class C infectious disease. Blood-derived and sexually transmitted diseases are major infectious diseases that threaten the health of residents in Jinshui District. The main infectious diseases affecting the health of residents in Jinshui District are hepatitis B, hand, foot and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, hepatitis C and tuberculosis. Therefore, according to the general epidemic rule and the epidemic characteristics of different diseases in Jinshui area, effective measures should be made to prevent and cure the disease in time.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R181.3

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