南京市社区居民急性胃肠炎疾病流行特征及负担评估

发布时间：2018-06-14 15:56

本文选题：急性胃肠炎 + 食源性疾病　；参考：《中国健康教育》2017年06期

【摘要】：目的了解南京市社区居民急性胃肠炎的流行特征,并对疾病负担进行初步评估。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查。结果共调查3600人。南京市社区人群急性胃肠炎月患病率为3.9%,年发病率为0.55次/人年。0~4岁年龄组月患病率最高,为2/20(10.0%)。不同文化程度人群月患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=37.192,P0.01),小学文化组人群最高,为36/449(8.0%);不同职业人群间月患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=32.041,P0.01),失业人群组最高,为24/279(8.6%);城市和农村人群月患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.951,P0.05),农村[41/762(5.4%)]高于城市[107/2838(3.8%)]。发病高峰出现在10月和3月。46.6%的患者怀疑发病由受污染的食物引起,其中肉与肉制品占比最高,为63.8%。患者就诊率44.6%,就诊者中71.2%选择街道或社区卫生服务中心就诊,医院就诊和自行服药者中分别有71.4%和59.3%的患者服用过抗生素。就诊者门诊治疗费用人均为133.7元/人次,未就诊患者治疗费用人均为16.1元/人次。结论南京市社区居民急性胃肠炎的疾病负担较重。急性胃肠炎的病例多以散发为主,发病高峰出现在春、秋季节,近半数病例可能与进食不洁食物有关。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic characteristics of acute gastroenteritis in Nanjing community residents and to evaluate the disease burden. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select the subjects and carry out a face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results A total of 3600 people were investigated. The monthly prevalence rate of acute gastroenteritis was 3.9 in the community population in Nanjing. The annual incidence rate was 0.55 times per person per year. The highest monthly prevalence rate was in the age group of 4 years old (2 / 20% 10.0%). There were significant differences in the monthly prevalence rate among different education groups (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) ~ (37.192) P _ (0.01), the primary school culture group had the highest prevalence rate (36 / 449 / 8.0), and the monthly prevalence rate among different occupational groups was statistically significant (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 32.041 / P ~ (0.01), and the group of unemployed persons was the highest. The monthly prevalence rate of urban and rural population was significantly higher than that of urban population (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 3.951%, P 0.05%, rural [41 / 762% ~ 5.4%)]. The peak of incidence occurred in October and March. 46.6% of the patients suspected that the disease was caused by contaminated food, among which meat and meat products accounted for the highest (63.8%). Among the patients, 71.2% chose street or community health service center to visit the hospital, 71.4% and 59.3% of the hospital and self-medication patients took antibiotics, respectively. The cost of outpatient treatment was 133.7 yuan / person-time, and that of non-patient was 16.1 yuan / person-time. Conclusion the disease burden of acute gastroenteritis in community residents of Nanjing is heavy. Most of the cases of acute gastroenteritis were sporadic, the peak occurred in spring and autumn, and nearly half of the cases might be related to eating unclean food.
【作者单位】：南京市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：江苏省卫生厅预防医学基金科研课题(Y2012043) 南京市卫生局“十二五”重大专项(ZDX12006)
【分类号】：R181.3

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