长春市城区家栖鼠种群分布及抗药性调查

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:20

本文选题：家栖鼠 + 种群分布　；参考：《吉林大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 家栖鼠作为病媒生物的一类,能传播鼠疫、流行性出血热、钩端螺旋体病等多种病媒生物性传染病。如何开展科学灭鼠,把鼠密度控制在无以为害的程度,是公共卫生方面需要解答的一个问题。掌握家栖鼠的种群分布(鼠的种类、数量、分布及季节变化)及不同鼠种对灭鼠药物的抗药性情况,对本地鼠害防制工作有重要意义。本次调查为进一步掌握长春市城区居民区、特殊行业、城中村(城乡结合部)家栖鼠种群构成及家栖鼠对抗凝血灭鼠剂的抗药性(褐家鼠对溴鼠灵的抗药性)情况,分析和充实长春市病媒生物资料,在日常的灭鼠工作中有针对性的选用灭鼠药物,提高城市灭鼠工作质量,预防和控制鼠传疾病的发生和传播以及合理制定病媒生物防制方案,开展科学灭鼠提供依据。以夹夜法进行家栖鼠的种群分布调查(居民区、特殊行业、城中村的鼠密度及鼠种调查);抗药性调查按全国鼠类抗药性监测协作组统一方法进行无选择性摄毒试验,检测褐家鼠对溴鼠灵的抗药性。本次家栖鼠种群分布调查共捕鼠129只,其中褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)112只占86.82%,小家鼠(Mus musculus)7只占5.43%,黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)10只占7.75%,褐家鼠为优势种。经对24只褐家鼠进行抗药性监测,摄食0.005%溴鼠灵毒饵6天,食毒期内全部死亡。经出血情况观察,符合抗凝血灭鼠剂毒杀症状。按褐家鼠抗药性检验(评价)标准,其对第二代抗凝血剂溴鼠灵,没有产生抗药性个体。调查结果表明长春市城区家栖鼠以褐家鼠为主,城中村和居民区的鼠密度比特殊行业高,是下一步鼠害防制的重点地区。长春市城区可继续使用溴鼠灵灭鼠剂防治鼠害,同时应采取综合防制措施,科学合理开展灭鼠活动。
[Abstract]:As a kind of vector organism, domestic rodents can transmit plague, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, leptospirosis and other vector-borne infectious diseases. How to carry out scientific deratization and control the density of rodent to the degree of no harm is a problem that needs to be solved in the field of public health. It is important for local rodent control to know the population distribution (species, quantity, distribution and seasonal variation of rodent) and the resistance of different rodent species to rodenticide. In order to further understand the residential areas, special industries, the population composition of domestic rodents and the resistance of Rattus norvegicus to anticoagulant rodenticide (the resistance of Rattus norvegicus to bromine), To analyze and enrich the vector biological data of Changchun, to select rodent killing drugs in daily rodent killing work, to improve the quality of rodent killing in cities, to prevent and control the occurrence and spread of rodent borne diseases, and to rationally formulate the vector biological control scheme. To provide scientific basis for rodent control. The population distribution of domestic rodents was investigated by night-clamping method (investigation of rodent density and rodent species in residential areas, special trades, villages in the city), and drug resistance survey was carried out according to the unified method of national rodent resistance monitoring cooperative group. The resistance of Rattus norvegicus to Bromoxulin was determined. The population distribution of Rattus norvegicus Rattus norvegicus)112 was 86.82, Mus musculus)7 was 5.4343 and Apodemus agrarius)10 was 7.755.The Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species of Rattus norvegicus. After monitoring the resistance of 24 Rattus norvegicus, 0.005% Bromoxylin bait was fed for 6 days, and all died during the feeding period. The bleeding was observed in accordance with the anticoagulant rodent killing symptoms. According to Rattus norvegicus resistance test (evaluation), its second generation anticoagulant bromoxylin did not produce drug resistant individuals. The results showed that the main rodent in Changchun city was Rattus norvegicus, and the density of rodent in villages and residential areas was higher than that in special trades, which was the next key area for rodent control. The rodent control agent of bromine rodenticide can be continued to be used in Changchun city, and comprehensive control measures should be taken to carry out rodent killing activities scientifically and reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R184.35

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