南汇地区建筑工人艾滋病性病流行病学及预防干预研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 17:15
【摘要】：背景 虽然,近年来我国艾滋病预防控制工作取得了一些进展,但由于目前艾滋病传播蔓延的危险因素仍广泛存在,给艾滋病预防控制工作带来了很大的困难。其中一个很重要的危险因素就是城乡流动人口的不断增加,艾滋病患者中流动人口的高比例,流动人口的高流动性,为艾滋病的传播提供了机会。 在城市流动人口中,建筑工地民工是一个重要的、有自身特点的组成部分。该人群人口基数大、流动性强,男性占绝大多数,大部分处于青壮年,长期生活在单一性别人群中,处于城市生活边缘,加之远离家庭,法制观念淡薄,性病艾滋病的知识缺乏,已经成为我国艾滋病感染流行的主要危险因素之一。而目前在城市郊区有针对性的在建筑工人中开展艾滋病防治相关研究较少。因此,研究建筑工人艾滋病性病的预防、关怀和支持,可以了解该人群的行为学特征和感染现状,采取有效的综合干预模式,提高建筑工人的艾滋病防病知识和安全套的使用率,减少艾滋病的高危行为,对预防艾滋病传播起到很重要的作用。 研究目标 1、了解南汇地区建筑工人有关HIV和STI的知识、态度及危险行为的现状； 2、评估H1V和STI的流行情况和影响因素; 3、在现有资料和基线调查数据基础上,改进并执行预防干预计划； 4、评估干预计划的效果。 研究内容与方法 该研究分为两部分。 第一部分是HIV和STI知识、态度、卫生服务、危险行为以及影响因素的调查。该部分分三次进行,即第0个月为基线调查,第3和第6个月分别进行一次随访调查。基线调查时所有参与者将完成基线问卷调查,并提供血尿标本。血样将用于检测HTV、疱疹病毒II型和梅毒。尿样将用于检测衣原体和淋病。第3个月时进行第一次随访调查；第6个月时进行第二次随访调查。 第二部分是执行和评估行为干预计划。在基线调查结束时开展行为干预计划,分三种不同类型,低干预组发放宣传小册子；中干预组同时张贴宣传海报、展板及播放宣教DVD；高干预组除此以外还开展面对面访谈。在第3和第6个月随访时评估其短期和远期干预效果。三个干预计划的干预点将在6个工地中随机抽取。 研究结果 1、基线调查结果 (1)建筑工地是浦东南汇地区流动人口高度聚集的场所,在此次调查的657名建筑工人中,以中青年为主,大多数年龄处于性活跃期,平均年龄38.9±10.1岁；性别构成以男性为主占90.4%；文化程度普遍处于较低的水平,初中文化占56.2%；已婚者居多,在婚比例达84.2%；该人群暂住地大都在工地现场的简易工棚,娱乐活动单调。 (2)建筑工人普遍对艾滋病的防治知识具有一定程度的了解,对艾滋病传播途径问题的回答正确率较高,如“共用注射器能传播艾滋病吗(66.2%)”“不使用安全套性交是否能传播艾滋病(72.1%)”、“性伴越多是否感染艾滋病的风险越大(73.1%)”、“艾滋病可以通过妊娠传播吗(60.6%)”等问题的掌握较好；而在非传播途径方面的问题回答正确率较低,如“一起吃饭能传播艾滋病么(40.6%)”、“共用厕所马桶能否传播艾滋病(36.5%)”、“咳嗽能否传播艾滋病(30.9%)”、“接吻能否传播艾滋病(26.0%)”,“蚊子叮咬能否传播艾滋病”(14.3%)。 (3)建筑工人对待艾滋病及艾滋病病人仍存在一定的歧视现象。有72,90%的人认为“艾滋病人是令人害怕的”；有18.72%的工人表示“艾滋病人根本不值得同情”。而对于婚前性行为、婚外性行为的态度正逐步趋向开放。分别有13.5%、11.8%的人对于已婚男子、已婚女子发生婚外行为表示认同；有12.2%的人同意可以发生商业性行为；有7.2%的建筑工人对于男男性行为表示认同。 (4)建筑工人在性行为时使用安全套的比例处于较低水平,普遍存在艾滋病预防知识与安全套使用之间不相关的现象。在已婚的建筑工人中,与配偶发生性行为时,有50.6%的人从来不用安全套,仅有7.4%的人是每次都用,主要原因是近70%的建筑工人觉得没有必要,也有16.8%的人是因为没感觉而不使用安全套。在未婚的建筑工人中,从来不用安全套的占了41.3%,每次使用仅占了14.4%；主要原因是不舒服占57.7%、无所谓占23.1%。 (5)本次调查未发现HIV感染者,查出梅毒阳性2例,患病率为0.3%；疱疹病毒感染1例；淋球菌感染2例；衣原体感染者13例,患病率为2.0%； 2、干预效果评价 基线调查人数为657人,其中低干预组224人、中干预组209人、高干预组224人；第一次随访475人,随访率为72.3%,其中低干预组154人、中干预组152人、高干预组169人；第二次随访330人,随访率为50.2%,其中低干预组102人、中干预组91人、高干预组137人。 (1)低干预组基线调查、第一随访调查、第二次随访调查艾滋病知识得分分别为6.46±3.94分、11.6±2.25分、12.55±1.36分；第一次随访与第二随访分别与基线比较,以及第一次随访与第二次随访比较,14个问题得分均差别显著,有统计学意义(p0.01)。第一次随访与基线比较艾滋病有关态度,有2个观点的正向回答变化明显,有统计学意义(p0.01)；而在性观念上,第一次、第二次随访分别于基线比较,以及第一次与第二次随访比较,均无显著差异(P0.01),无统计学意义。“已婚及末婚者性行为时从来不用安全套”的比例在第一次、第二次随访分别与基线比较,差异显著,均有统计学意义(P0.01)。 (2)中干预组基线调查、第一随访调查、第二次随访调查艾滋病知识得分分别为6.31±4.26分、12.37±1.48分、12.23±2分；第一次随访与第二随访分别与基线比较,14个问题得分均差别显著,有统计学意义(p0.01)。第一次随访与基线比较艾滋病有关态度,有1个观点的正向回答变化明显；第二次随访与基线比较,有2个观点的正向回答变化明显,有统计学意义(p0.01)；而在性观念上,第一次、第二次随访分别于基线比较,以及第一次与第二次随访比较,均无显著差异(P0.01),无统计学意义。“未婚者性行为时每次使用安全套”的比例在第一次、第二次随访分别与基线比较,差异显著,均有统计学意义(P0.01)。 (3)高干预组基线调查、第一随访调查、第二次随访调查艾滋病知识得分分别为7.05±4.35分、12.65±1.43分、12.4±1.76分；第一次随访与第二随访分别与基线比较,14个问题得分均差别显著,有统计学意义(p0.01)。第一次随访与基线比较艾滋病有关态度,有2个观点的正向回答变化明显；第二次随访与基线比较,4个观点的正向回答均有显著变化,有统计学意义(p0.01)；而在性观念上,第一次随访与基线比较,有3个观念的正向回答发生变化,第二次随访与基线比较,有4个观念的正向回答变化显著,有统计学意义(p0.01)“已婚者性行为时从来不用安全套及偶尔使用安全套”的比例,在第一次、第二次随访分别与基线比较,均差异显著,有统计学意义(P0.01)；“未婚者性行为时从来不用安全套及每次使用安全套”的比例,在第一次、第二次随访分别与基线比较,均差异显著,有统计学意义(P0.01)。 (4)三种干预方法效果比较 三种干预方法在提高艾滋病知识得分方面发挥了巨大作用。基线调查时,组建筑工人之间的艾滋病知识得分比较无统计学意义(P0.01),且三组得分均较低；经过干预,第一次随访调查显示中干预组与高干预组分别与低干预组比较,知识得分均提高显著(p0.01),但高干预组与中干预组之间差别比较无统计学意义(P0.01)；第二次随访调查显示,三组间的知识得分比较无显著差别(P0.01),但三组知识得分依然较高。 三种干预方法在改变艾滋病相关态度方面也起到了积极作用。基线调查时,三组建筑工人对于l艾滋病相关态度及性观念的比较均无统计学意义(P0.01)；经过干预,第一次随访调查显示,中干预组及高干预组与低干预组比较,均有1个态度观点有正向变化,有统计学意义(p0.01)；第二次随访调查结果显示,高干预组较低干预组有3个性观念问题有正向改变,显著差异(p0.01)。 三种干预方法在改变干预对象艾滋病相关行为方面发挥了一定的作用,但是作用效果不如对知识的改变明显。对于已婚者与配偶使用安全套情况而言,通过干预后,第一次随访调查显示并未出现一定的差异；第二次随访调查显示,“每次使用”的情况在高干预组与低干预组间产生了显著差异(p0.01)。而对于未婚者与性伴使用安全套情况,经过干预,第一次随访调查显示“从来不用”的比例中干预组与低干预组间有显著差异(p0.01),“偶尔使用”的比例高干预组与低干预组间呈现显著差异(p0.01),而第二次随访时则无显著性差异。 结论 1、三种干预方法对于艾滋病相关知识知晓率均有非常显著地提高；对待艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人态度在正向方面有了较大幅度的改善。 2、虽然通过干预,与艾滋病相关的知识知晓率提高了,对待艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人的态度也发生了变化,但是与艾滋病有关的危险行为改变不明显。“已婚者及未婚者发生性行为时经常使用安全套”的比例在干预前后均没有显著性变化(p0.01),尤其是低干预组及中干预组均无明显变化；但高干预组在干预前后安全套使用方面仍表现出一些积极的变化,已婚者与未婚者在性行为时“从来不用安全套”的比例均呈现显著差异(p0.01),有一定幅度的降低,而“每次都用”的比例也呈上升趋势,比较有统计学意义(p0.01)。 3、发放宣传小册子、张贴宣传海报、摆放宣传展板、播放宣教DVD、面对面访谈等各种干预措施均适用于提高建筑工人的艾滋病性病相关知识知晓率,以及使他们对待艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人的态度向正向转变。 4、通过此次调查,验证了知识的提高并不意味着行为的改变,只有持久的行为干预才能产生广泛的影响。此次低、中、高三种不同的干预方法,究竟那一种更适合在本地区建筑工人中开展艾滋病宣传教育和行为干预工作,尚待进一步研究；同时,尚需探讨其他更合理更有效的行为干预模式,以在建筑工人及其他各类人群中开展艾滋病干预教育工作,并取得良好的实效,达到全人群遏制与控制艾滋病性病的传播与蔓延。
[Abstract]:background
Although some progress has been made in the work of AIDS prevention and control in China in recent years, the risk factors for the spread of AIDS still exist, which have brought great difficulties to the prevention and control of AIDS. One of the most important risk factors is the increasing population of urban and rural migrants and the floating population of AIDS patients. The high proportion of floating population provides the opportunity for the spread of AIDS.
In the urban floating population, the migrant workers in the construction site are an important part of their own characteristics. The population has a large population base, a strong mobility, the majority of men, most of them in the young, a long life in a single group of others, the edge of life in the city, the weak concept of the legal system, and the knowledge of STD and AIDS. Lack of knowledge has become one of the main risk factors for the epidemic of AIDS infection in China. At present, there are few related studies on AIDS prevention and control in construction workers in the suburbs of the city. Therefore, the study of the prevention, care and support of AIDS venereal diseases in construction workers can be used to understand the behavioral characteristics and infection status of the population. Taking effective comprehensive intervention model, improving the knowledge of AIDS prevention and disease prevention of construction workers and the use rate of condoms, reducing the high risk behavior of AIDS, plays an important role in preventing the spread of AIDS.
Research goals
1, understand the knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of HIV and STI in construction workers in Nanhui.
2, to assess the prevalence and influencing factors of H1V and STI;
3, improve and implement preventive intervention plans on the basis of available data and baseline survey data.
4, evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention program.
Research content and method
The study is divided into two parts.
The first part was the survey of HIV and STI knowledge, attitudes, health services, dangerous behavior and influencing factors. This part was divided into three times, that is, zeroth months as a baseline survey, third and sixth months respectively. All participants in the baseline survey will complete the baseline questionnaire survey and provide hematuria specimens. Blood samples will be used to detect HTV, The herpes virus type II and syphilis. Urine samples will be used to detect Chlamydia and gonorrhea. The first follow-up survey is conducted at third months, and second follow-up surveys are conducted at sixth months.
The second part was the implementation and evaluation of the behavior intervention program. At the end of the baseline survey, the behavior intervention program was carried out in three different types, and the low intervention group issued the brochure; the intervention group also posted the posters, the exhibition board and the broadcast of the DVD, and the high dry pre group also carried out face-to-face interviews. During the third and sixth months follow-up, the intervention group was followed up. The short-term and long-term intervention effects were evaluated. The intervention points of the three intervention plans were randomly selected from 6 construction sites.
Research results
1, baseline survey results
(1) the construction site is a place where the floating population is highly aggregated in Nanhui area of Pudong. Among the 657 construction workers in this survey, the majority of the workers are middle-aged and young, most of them are sexually active, the average age is 38.9 + 10.1 years old; the sex constitution is dominated by male 90.4%; the cultural level is generally at a low level, the junior middle school culture is 56.2%; married. Most of the people were married, and the proportion of them was 84.2%. Most of the people lived in the simple workshops at the construction site, and the entertainment activities were monotonous.
(2) construction workers generally understand the prevention and control of AIDS to a certain extent, the answer to the problem of AIDS transmission is more correct, such as "sharing syringes can transmit AIDS (66.2%)" "does not use condom sexual intercourse can transmit AIDS (72.1%)", "the greater the risk of AIDS infection, the greater the risk of AIDS (73). ".1%)", "AIDS can be transmitted through the transmission of pregnancy (60.6%)" and other problems, and the right rate is lower in non transmission ways, such as "to eat to spread AIDS (40.6%)", "the toilet toilet can spread AIDS (36.5%)", "coughing can spread AIDS (30.9%)", "kissing can" No transmission of AIDS (26%), "mosquito bite can spread AIDS" (14.3%).
(3) there are still certain discrimination phenomena in construction workers treating AIDS and AIDS patients. There are 72,90% people who think "AIDS patients are frightening"; 18.72% of the workers say "aids people are not worthy of sympathy". And for premarital sex, the state of sexual behavior outside marriage is gradually opening to the open. There are 13.5%, 11.8% respectively. For married men, married women were identified with married women; 12.2% agreed to have commercial behavior; 7.2% of the construction workers agreed with male male behavior.
(4) the proportion of condoms used by construction workers in sexual behavior is at a lower level, and there is an unrelated phenomenon between AIDS prevention knowledge and condom use. In married construction workers, 50.6% of them have never used condoms when they have sex with their spouses, only 7.4% of them are used every time, the main reason is nearly 70%. Construction workers do not feel necessary, and 16.8% of them do not feel and use condoms. The unmarried builders never use a condom 41.3%, and each use only accounts for 14.4%. The main reason is the discomfort is 57.7%, and it doesn't matter 23.1%..
(5) 2 cases of syphilis positive were found without HIV infection in this survey, the prevalence rate was 0.3%, 1 cases of herpes virus infection, 2 cases of gonococcal infection and 13 cases of Chlamydia infection, the prevalence rate was 2%.
2, evaluation of intervention effect
The number of baseline surveys was 657, of which 224 in the low intervention group, 209 in the middle intervention group and 224 in the high dry group; the first follow-up was 475, and the follow-up rate was 72.3%, of which 154 in the low intervention group, 152 in the middle intervention group and 169 in the high dry group; second followed up 330, and the follow-up rate was 50.2%, among which the low intervention group was 102, the intervening group 91, the high dry pregroup.
(1) the baseline survey of the low intervention group, the first follow-up survey, the second follow-up survey of AIDS knowledge scores were 6.46 + 3.94, 11.6 + 2.25, 12.55 + 1.36. The first follow-up and second follow-up were compared with the baseline, and the first follow-up and second follow-up compared, the scores of the 14 problems were significantly different (P0.01) The first follow up and baseline comparison of AIDS related attitudes, the positive responses of 2 views were significant and statistically significant (P0.01); the first time, the first second follow-up, and the first and second follow-up, had no significant difference (P0.01), no statistical significance. "Married and the last marriage sex." For the first time, there was no statistically significant difference between the second follow-up visits, compared with baseline (P0.01).
(2) the baseline survey in the middle intervention group, the first follow-up survey, the second follow-up survey of AIDS knowledge scores were 6.31 + 4.26, 12.37 + 1.48, 12.23 + 2. The first follow-up and second follow-up compared with the baseline, 14 problems were significantly different (P0.01). The first follow-up and baseline comparison of AIDS related The positive response of 1 views was obvious. Compared with the baseline, there were 2 positive responses in the second follow-up and the statistical significance (P0.01), while in the sexual concept, the first time, the second follow-up, and the first and second follow-up, had no significant difference (P0.01), no statistical difference. The proportion of "unmarried people's use of condoms every time" was the first, the second follow-up compared with the baseline, the difference was significant (P0.01).
(3) high dry pre group baseline survey, the first follow-up survey, second follow-up investigation of AIDS knowledge scores were 7.05 + 4.35, 12.65 + 1.43, 12.4 + 1.76. The first follow-up and second follow-up compared with the baseline, 14 scores were significantly different, there were statistical significance (P0.01). The first follow-up and baseline comparison of AIDS related The positive responses of 2 views were obvious; the positive responses of the 4 views were significantly changed in the second follow-up and the baseline, and the positive responses were statistically significant (P0.01); while in the sexual concept, the first follow-up was compared with the baseline, and the positive responses of the 3 concepts were changed, and the second follow up and baseline compared to the baseline, there were 4 positive ideas. The response was significant (P0.01). The ratio of "married people's sexual behavior never with condoms and the occasional use of condoms" was significantly different in the first, second follow-up and baseline, with statistical significance (P0.01); "unmarried men never use condoms and use condoms every time". For the first time, there was a significant difference between the second follow-up and baseline (P0.01).
(4) the comparison of the effect of the three methods of intervention
The three intervention methods played a great role in improving the knowledge score of AIDS. In the baseline survey, the score of AIDS knowledge among the groups of construction workers was not statistically significant (P0.01), and the scores of the three groups were low. The intervention, the first follow-up survey showed that the intervention group and the high dry group were compared with the low intervention group, respectively. The scores were significantly increased (P0.01), but there was no significant difference between the high dry pre group and the middle intervention group (P0.01). The second follow-up survey showed that there was no significant difference in the knowledge score between the three groups (P0.01), but the three groups of knowledge scores were still higher.
The three intervention methods also played a positive role in changing the attitude of AIDS related. In the baseline survey, there was no significant difference between the three groups of construction workers on L AIDS related attitudes and sexual attitudes (P0.01). After the intervention, the first follow-up survey showed that the middle intervention group and the high dry group were compared with the low intervention group, and there were 1 attitudes. There were positive changes in views and statistically significant (P0.01); the results of the second follow-up survey showed that there were 3 positive changes in personality problems in the lower intervention group and the significant difference (P0.01).
The three interventions have played a role in changing the AIDS related behavior of the subjects, but the effect is not as obvious as that of the knowledge. For the married and spouses, the first follow-up survey showed no difference in the first follow-up survey, and the second follow-up survey showed that " There were significant differences between the high dry pregroup and the low intervention group (P0.01). For the unmarried and sexual partners, the first follow up survey showed that there was a significant difference between the intervention group and the low intervention group (P0.01), and the proportion of "occasional use" was higher than that of the low intervention group. There was a significant difference between the intervention groups (P0.01), but there was no significant difference between the second groups.
conclusion
1, the three kinds of intervention methods have greatly improved the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge, and the attitude towards AIDS infected and AIDS patients has been greatly improved in the positive direction.
2, although the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge increased through intervention, the attitude towards AIDS infected and AIDS patients had also changed, but the change in the risk behavior related to AIDS was not obvious. "The proportion of married and unmarried people who often use condoms when they have sex" is not significant before and after intervention. There was no obvious change in sex change (P0.01), especially in the low intervention group and the middle intervention group, but there were some positive changes in the use of condom before and after the intervention, and the proportion of married and unmarried people who had never used a condom in sexual behavior showed significant difference (P0.01), and "every time", "every time" The proportion of "used" also showed an upward trend, which was statistically significant (P0.01).
3, publicizing brochures, poster posters, placing publicity boards, playing DVD, face-to-face interviews and other interventions are applicable to improving the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge related to construction workers.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R181.3
本文编号：2122346
[Abstract]:background
Although some progress has been made in the work of AIDS prevention and control in China in recent years, the risk factors for the spread of AIDS still exist, which have brought great difficulties to the prevention and control of AIDS. One of the most important risk factors is the increasing population of urban and rural migrants and the floating population of AIDS patients. The high proportion of floating population provides the opportunity for the spread of AIDS.
In the urban floating population, the migrant workers in the construction site are an important part of their own characteristics. The population has a large population base, a strong mobility, the majority of men, most of them in the young, a long life in a single group of others, the edge of life in the city, the weak concept of the legal system, and the knowledge of STD and AIDS. Lack of knowledge has become one of the main risk factors for the epidemic of AIDS infection in China. At present, there are few related studies on AIDS prevention and control in construction workers in the suburbs of the city. Therefore, the study of the prevention, care and support of AIDS venereal diseases in construction workers can be used to understand the behavioral characteristics and infection status of the population. Taking effective comprehensive intervention model, improving the knowledge of AIDS prevention and disease prevention of construction workers and the use rate of condoms, reducing the high risk behavior of AIDS, plays an important role in preventing the spread of AIDS.
Research goals
1, understand the knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of HIV and STI in construction workers in Nanhui.
2, to assess the prevalence and influencing factors of H1V and STI;
3, improve and implement preventive intervention plans on the basis of available data and baseline survey data.
4, evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention program.
Research content and method
The study is divided into two parts.
The first part was the survey of HIV and STI knowledge, attitudes, health services, dangerous behavior and influencing factors. This part was divided into three times, that is, zeroth months as a baseline survey, third and sixth months respectively. All participants in the baseline survey will complete the baseline questionnaire survey and provide hematuria specimens. Blood samples will be used to detect HTV, The herpes virus type II and syphilis. Urine samples will be used to detect Chlamydia and gonorrhea. The first follow-up survey is conducted at third months, and second follow-up surveys are conducted at sixth months.
The second part was the implementation and evaluation of the behavior intervention program. At the end of the baseline survey, the behavior intervention program was carried out in three different types, and the low intervention group issued the brochure; the intervention group also posted the posters, the exhibition board and the broadcast of the DVD, and the high dry pre group also carried out face-to-face interviews. During the third and sixth months follow-up, the intervention group was followed up. The short-term and long-term intervention effects were evaluated. The intervention points of the three intervention plans were randomly selected from 6 construction sites.
Research results
1, baseline survey results
(1) the construction site is a place where the floating population is highly aggregated in Nanhui area of Pudong. Among the 657 construction workers in this survey, the majority of the workers are middle-aged and young, most of them are sexually active, the average age is 38.9 + 10.1 years old; the sex constitution is dominated by male 90.4%; the cultural level is generally at a low level, the junior middle school culture is 56.2%; married. Most of the people were married, and the proportion of them was 84.2%. Most of the people lived in the simple workshops at the construction site, and the entertainment activities were monotonous.
(2) construction workers generally understand the prevention and control of AIDS to a certain extent, the answer to the problem of AIDS transmission is more correct, such as "sharing syringes can transmit AIDS (66.2%)" "does not use condom sexual intercourse can transmit AIDS (72.1%)", "the greater the risk of AIDS infection, the greater the risk of AIDS (73). ".1%)", "AIDS can be transmitted through the transmission of pregnancy (60.6%)" and other problems, and the right rate is lower in non transmission ways, such as "to eat to spread AIDS (40.6%)", "the toilet toilet can spread AIDS (36.5%)", "coughing can spread AIDS (30.9%)", "kissing can" No transmission of AIDS (26%), "mosquito bite can spread AIDS" (14.3%).
(3) there are still certain discrimination phenomena in construction workers treating AIDS and AIDS patients. There are 72,90% people who think "AIDS patients are frightening"; 18.72% of the workers say "aids people are not worthy of sympathy". And for premarital sex, the state of sexual behavior outside marriage is gradually opening to the open. There are 13.5%, 11.8% respectively. For married men, married women were identified with married women; 12.2% agreed to have commercial behavior; 7.2% of the construction workers agreed with male male behavior.
(4) the proportion of condoms used by construction workers in sexual behavior is at a lower level, and there is an unrelated phenomenon between AIDS prevention knowledge and condom use. In married construction workers, 50.6% of them have never used condoms when they have sex with their spouses, only 7.4% of them are used every time, the main reason is nearly 70%. Construction workers do not feel necessary, and 16.8% of them do not feel and use condoms. The unmarried builders never use a condom 41.3%, and each use only accounts for 14.4%. The main reason is the discomfort is 57.7%, and it doesn't matter 23.1%..
(5) 2 cases of syphilis positive were found without HIV infection in this survey, the prevalence rate was 0.3%, 1 cases of herpes virus infection, 2 cases of gonococcal infection and 13 cases of Chlamydia infection, the prevalence rate was 2%.
2, evaluation of intervention effect
The number of baseline surveys was 657, of which 224 in the low intervention group, 209 in the middle intervention group and 224 in the high dry group; the first follow-up was 475, and the follow-up rate was 72.3%, of which 154 in the low intervention group, 152 in the middle intervention group and 169 in the high dry group; second followed up 330, and the follow-up rate was 50.2%, among which the low intervention group was 102, the intervening group 91, the high dry pregroup.
(1) the baseline survey of the low intervention group, the first follow-up survey, the second follow-up survey of AIDS knowledge scores were 6.46 + 3.94, 11.6 + 2.25, 12.55 + 1.36. The first follow-up and second follow-up were compared with the baseline, and the first follow-up and second follow-up compared, the scores of the 14 problems were significantly different (P0.01) The first follow up and baseline comparison of AIDS related attitudes, the positive responses of 2 views were significant and statistically significant (P0.01); the first time, the first second follow-up, and the first and second follow-up, had no significant difference (P0.01), no statistical significance. "Married and the last marriage sex." For the first time, there was no statistically significant difference between the second follow-up visits, compared with baseline (P0.01).
(2) the baseline survey in the middle intervention group, the first follow-up survey, the second follow-up survey of AIDS knowledge scores were 6.31 + 4.26, 12.37 + 1.48, 12.23 + 2. The first follow-up and second follow-up compared with the baseline, 14 problems were significantly different (P0.01). The first follow-up and baseline comparison of AIDS related The positive response of 1 views was obvious. Compared with the baseline, there were 2 positive responses in the second follow-up and the statistical significance (P0.01), while in the sexual concept, the first time, the second follow-up, and the first and second follow-up, had no significant difference (P0.01), no statistical difference. The proportion of "unmarried people's use of condoms every time" was the first, the second follow-up compared with the baseline, the difference was significant (P0.01).
(3) high dry pre group baseline survey, the first follow-up survey, second follow-up investigation of AIDS knowledge scores were 7.05 + 4.35, 12.65 + 1.43, 12.4 + 1.76. The first follow-up and second follow-up compared with the baseline, 14 scores were significantly different, there were statistical significance (P0.01). The first follow-up and baseline comparison of AIDS related The positive responses of 2 views were obvious; the positive responses of the 4 views were significantly changed in the second follow-up and the baseline, and the positive responses were statistically significant (P0.01); while in the sexual concept, the first follow-up was compared with the baseline, and the positive responses of the 3 concepts were changed, and the second follow up and baseline compared to the baseline, there were 4 positive ideas. The response was significant (P0.01). The ratio of "married people's sexual behavior never with condoms and the occasional use of condoms" was significantly different in the first, second follow-up and baseline, with statistical significance (P0.01); "unmarried men never use condoms and use condoms every time". For the first time, there was a significant difference between the second follow-up and baseline (P0.01).
(4) the comparison of the effect of the three methods of intervention
The three intervention methods played a great role in improving the knowledge score of AIDS. In the baseline survey, the score of AIDS knowledge among the groups of construction workers was not statistically significant (P0.01), and the scores of the three groups were low. The intervention, the first follow-up survey showed that the intervention group and the high dry group were compared with the low intervention group, respectively. The scores were significantly increased (P0.01), but there was no significant difference between the high dry pre group and the middle intervention group (P0.01). The second follow-up survey showed that there was no significant difference in the knowledge score between the three groups (P0.01), but the three groups of knowledge scores were still higher.
The three intervention methods also played a positive role in changing the attitude of AIDS related. In the baseline survey, there was no significant difference between the three groups of construction workers on L AIDS related attitudes and sexual attitudes (P0.01). After the intervention, the first follow-up survey showed that the middle intervention group and the high dry group were compared with the low intervention group, and there were 1 attitudes. There were positive changes in views and statistically significant (P0.01); the results of the second follow-up survey showed that there were 3 positive changes in personality problems in the lower intervention group and the significant difference (P0.01).
The three interventions have played a role in changing the AIDS related behavior of the subjects, but the effect is not as obvious as that of the knowledge. For the married and spouses, the first follow-up survey showed no difference in the first follow-up survey, and the second follow-up survey showed that " There were significant differences between the high dry pregroup and the low intervention group (P0.01). For the unmarried and sexual partners, the first follow up survey showed that there was a significant difference between the intervention group and the low intervention group (P0.01), and the proportion of "occasional use" was higher than that of the low intervention group. There was a significant difference between the intervention groups (P0.01), but there was no significant difference between the second groups.
conclusion
1, the three kinds of intervention methods have greatly improved the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge, and the attitude towards AIDS infected and AIDS patients has been greatly improved in the positive direction.
2, although the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge increased through intervention, the attitude towards AIDS infected and AIDS patients had also changed, but the change in the risk behavior related to AIDS was not obvious. "The proportion of married and unmarried people who often use condoms when they have sex" is not significant before and after intervention. There was no obvious change in sex change (P0.01), especially in the low intervention group and the middle intervention group, but there were some positive changes in the use of condom before and after the intervention, and the proportion of married and unmarried people who had never used a condom in sexual behavior showed significant difference (P0.01), and "every time", "every time" The proportion of "used" also showed an upward trend, which was statistically significant (P0.01).
3, publicizing brochures, poster posters, placing publicity boards, playing DVD, face-to-face interviews and other interventions are applicable to improving the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge related to construction workers.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R181.3
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