厦门蚊种调查与白纹伊蚊种群构建及其生物学特征和毒理学的研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 14:03

【摘要】： 本学位论文从2008年4月-2008年11月对厦门吸血双翅目(蚊业科)的蚊种进行了初步的调查,共发现6种蚊虫,分属于2族,3属,4亚属。蚊种鉴定为: 致倦库蚊(Culex fatigans Wiedemann,1828) 三带喙库蚊(Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles,1901) 拟态库蚊(Culex mimeticus Noé,1899) 白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus Skuse,1894) 乳点伊蚊(Aedes macfarlanei,1914) 中华按蚊(Anopheles(A.)hycanus var.sinensis) 实验室内对厦门白纹伊蚊进行了种群的建立,探索出实验室内蚊虫饲养的良好条件,现已繁殖了6代。对生活史中各个时期的特征进行了生物学特征的观察,并对虫卵孵化率、蛹化率、羽化率进行了分析,发现实验室饲养的厦门白纹伊蚊孵化率较高,而且较稳定;幼虫的成活率平均达到98.2%;蛹化率达到90%以上;羽化率97.2%以上;雄蚊可存活14-38天,雌蚊可达20-62天。对白纹伊蚊产卵习性的试验发现其产卵喜欢在粗糙的产卵介质表面、喜欢在容器背景较暗的容器中产卵。最后,我们分别用铜Cu、汞Hg、三甲基锡Sn(CH_3)_3对白纹伊蚊的第2、4期幼虫和卵进行急性毒理试验,计算其24h-LC50。Cu~(2+)对白纹伊蚊第2期幼虫的24h-LC50为175.67 mg·L~(-1),对第4期幼虫的24h-LC50为282.42 mg·L~(-1)。Ug~+对白纹伊蚊第2期幼虫的24h-LC50为10.47 mg·L~(-1),对第4期幼虫的24h-LC50为18.64 mg·L~(-1)。Sn(CH_3)_3对白纹伊蚊第2期幼虫的24h-LC50为2.19 mg·L~(-1),对第4期幼虫的24h-LC50为2.92 mg·L~(-1)。 Cu~(2+)、Hg~+、Sn(CH_3)_3对白纹伊蚊虫卵孵化率存在一定的影响,都低于对照组,但足彼此之间不存在统计学上的差异。白纹伊蚊幼虫对于Cu~(2+)、Hg~+、Sn(CH_3)_3的耐受性从大到小为Cu~(2+)、Hg~+、Sn(CH_3)_3。不同龄期的幼虫对于同一种毒液的24h-LC50存在差异,对于毒液的耐受力也不同。
[Abstract]:In this dissertation, from April 2008 to November 2008, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the species of Diptera (Diptera) from Xiamen. Six species of mosquitoes were found, which belong to 2 families, 3 genera and 4 subgenera. Species identification of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (Culex fatigans Wiedemannn 1828) (Culex tritaeniorhynchus Gilesus 1901) (Culex mimeticus No 茅 1899) (Aedes albopictus Skuse1894) Aedes albopictus Aedes albopictus (Aedes albopictus, Xiamen) was established in the laboratory of Aedes macfarlaneiae 1914 (Anopheles sinensis (Anopheles (A.) hycanus var.sinensis). Good conditions for mosquito breeding in laboratory have been explored, and have been bred for 6 generations. The biological characteristics of Aedes albopictus in different stages of life history were observed, and the hatching rate, pupae rate and emergence rate of eggs were analyzed. It was found that the hatching rate of Aedes albopictus raised in the laboratory was high and stable. The average survival rate of larva was 98.2%, the pupae rate was over 90%, the emergence rate was more than 97.2%, the male mosquito could survive 14-38 days, the female mosquito could reach 20-62 days. Experiments on the spawning habits of Aedes albopictus showed that the spawning of Aedes albopictus tended to be on the rough surface of spawning medium and in the container with dark background. Finally, acute toxicological tests were carried out on the 2nd stage larvae and eggs of Aedes albopictus with copper cupric, mercury Hg3, trimethyltin Sn (CH_3) 3, respectively. The 24h-LC50 of 24h-LC50 Cu2 to the second stage of Aedes albopictus was 175.67 mg L ~ (-1), the 24h-LC50 of the fourth stage larvae was 282.42 mg L ~ (-1). The 24h-LC50 of the second stage larvae of Aedes albopictus was 10.47 mg L ~ (-1), and the 24h-LC50 of the fourth stage larvae was 18.64 mg L ~ (-1). 3 the 24h-LC50 of the second stage larvae of Aedes albopictus was 18.64 mg / L ~ (-1). 3 the 24h-LC50 of the second stage larvae of Aedes albopictus was 18.64 mg / L ~ (-1). 2.19 mg / L ~ (-1), the 24h-LC50 of the fourth stage larvae was 2.92 mg / L ~ (-1). Cu2 ~ (2) Hg- Sn (CH_3) _ 3 had some effect on the hatching rate of Aedes albopictus eggs. Both were lower than the control group, but there was no statistical difference between the foot and each other. The tolerance of Aedes albopictus larvae to Cu2 Hgsn (CH_3) 3 is from large to small to Cu2 HgSn (CH_3) 3. The larva of different ages had different 24h-LC50 for the same venom and different tolerance to venom.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R184

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