安徽省蚌埠地区产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌流行病学及分子生物学研究
发布时间：2018-08-02 09:53
【摘要】：研究背景: 超广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素(如:头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、氨曲南、头孢泊肟)引入临床应用后不久,欧洲的德国就在1983年就首次报道分离出SHV-2型超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended spectrum beta-lactamases,ESBLs),随后全世界许多地方不断有新的ESBLs检出(具体种类、氨基酸位点改变及等电点见http://www.lahey.org/studies/webt.htm)。 超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended spectrum beta-lactamases,ESBLs)是由质粒介导的水解多种β-内酰胺类抗生素的一类酶。它主要由革兰阴性杆菌产生。产ESBLs的菌株耐药问题已经成为当前全球最重要的医院内耐药问题之一。 自从ESBLs被报道以来,在世界各地引起了广泛传播流行。其部分原因是因为缺少可靠的检测方法,人们往往是在第三代头孢菌素治疗失败后,才意识到可能有ESBLs细菌的存在。早期检测ESBLs,对控制其流行和传播,尤为重要。而且,由于各地区流行的基因型不同而存在耐药性和检测底物的地区差别。因此了解肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌的最佳检测底物及耐药性特点,有利于防止产ESBLs菌株的区域性流行,并指导临床治疗,以免延误病情和造成浪费。 鉴于安徽省尚无大范围的调查研究资料,我们对安徽省蚌埠地区四家较大医院临床标本中分离的肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌的耐药性及ESBLs的产生情况及产ESBLs菌株的耐药性进行了研究,并对产ESBLs的肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌进行了耐药基因的初步分型。 目的: 了解安徽省蚌埠地区产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌检测的最佳底物。
[Abstract]:Background: Extended-spectrum 尾 -lactam antibiotics (such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, aztreonam, cefopoxime) were introduced into clinical practice shortly after their clinical application. The SHV-2 type extended spectrum 尾 -lactamases (extended spectrum beta-lactamases ESBLs were first reported in Germany in 1983, followed by new ESBLs detection in many parts of the world (specific species, amino acid site changes and isoelectric point (http://www.lahey.org/studies/webt.htm). Extended-spectrum 尾 -lactamases (extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is a kind of enzyme mediated by plasmids to hydrolyze a variety of 尾 -lactam antibiotics. It is mainly produced by gram-negative bacilli. Drug resistance of ESBLs-producing strains has become one of the most important hospital drug-resistance problems in the world. Since ESBLs was reported, it has caused widespread popularity around the world. This is partly due to the lack of reliable detection methods, and it is not until the third generation cephalosporins fail that they are aware of the presence of ESBLs bacteria. Early detection of ESBLsis particularly important to control its prevalence and spread. Moreover, drug resistance and substrate detection vary from region to region due to different genotypes. Therefore, understanding the best detection substrate and drug resistance characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli is helpful to prevent the regional prevalence of ESBLs producing strains, and to guide clinical treatment so as to avoid delay and waste. In view of the lack of extensive investigation and research data in Anhui Province, We studied the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens of four large hospitals in Bengbu, Anhui Province, and the production of ESBLs and the drug resistance of ESBLs producing strains. ESBLs producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were genotyped. Objective: to investigate the best substrate for detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Bengbu, Anhui province.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R181.3
本文编号：2159056
[Abstract]:Background: Extended-spectrum 尾 -lactam antibiotics (such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, aztreonam, cefopoxime) were introduced into clinical practice shortly after their clinical application. The SHV-2 type extended spectrum 尾 -lactamases (extended spectrum beta-lactamases ESBLs were first reported in Germany in 1983, followed by new ESBLs detection in many parts of the world (specific species, amino acid site changes and isoelectric point (http://www.lahey.org/studies/webt.htm). Extended-spectrum 尾 -lactamases (extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is a kind of enzyme mediated by plasmids to hydrolyze a variety of 尾 -lactam antibiotics. It is mainly produced by gram-negative bacilli. Drug resistance of ESBLs-producing strains has become one of the most important hospital drug-resistance problems in the world. Since ESBLs was reported, it has caused widespread popularity around the world. This is partly due to the lack of reliable detection methods, and it is not until the third generation cephalosporins fail that they are aware of the presence of ESBLs bacteria. Early detection of ESBLsis particularly important to control its prevalence and spread. Moreover, drug resistance and substrate detection vary from region to region due to different genotypes. Therefore, understanding the best detection substrate and drug resistance characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli is helpful to prevent the regional prevalence of ESBLs producing strains, and to guide clinical treatment so as to avoid delay and waste. In view of the lack of extensive investigation and research data in Anhui Province, We studied the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens of four large hospitals in Bengbu, Anhui Province, and the production of ESBLs and the drug resistance of ESBLs producing strains. ESBLs producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were genotyped. Objective: to investigate the best substrate for detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Bengbu, Anhui province.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R181.3
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相关期刊论文 前2条
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