云南勐腊原生态区与开发区蚊虫群落特征分析比较研究
发布时间：2018-08-10 21:43
【摘要】：目的：研究比较云南勐腊县原生态区与开发区的蚊虫群落特征及其重要疾病媒介生态习性,为今后蚊虫媒介生物的种群群落研究及其蚊虫传播疾病防治提供科学依据。 方法：2002-2003年在媒介活动高峰期的6-10月份,分别在原生态区和开发区的2个生境(Habitat)条件相似村屯的人房及牛房,采用CDC (New Standard Night and Daytime Battery-Powered Traps)和UV (New Standard Miniature BlackLight (UV) Traps)诱蚊灯定时、定点诱捕收集现场观测点的各类成蚊蚊种,并分类鉴定登记。幼虫采用定人、定时、定点的捕捞法,分别对两个观察点的小溪进行捕捞后,分类鉴定计数。 结果：2002-2003年在开发区与原生态区发现的成蚊蚊虫物种共包括8属53种,包括了按蚊属(Genus Anopheles)蚊种21种,库蚊属(Genus Culex)蚊种16种,伊蚊属(Genus Aedes)蚊种6种,蓝带蚊属(Genus Uranotaeniini) 5种,曼蚊属(Genus Mansonia)2种,阿蚊属(Gunus Armigeres)1种,小蚊属(Genus Mimomyia) 1种,领蚊属(Genus Heizmannia)1种。其种群数量以按蚊属的微小按蚊数量为最多,其次为可赫按蚊、中华按蚊。库蚊属以三带喙库蚊种群数量为最多。伊蚊属以刺扰伊蚊的种群数量为主。原生态区和开发区所抓获的蚊虫种类有所不同,其中在开发区未捕到大劣按蚊、细刺库蚊、斑翅库蚊、霜背库蚊、棘刺伊蚊、台湾伊蚊、巨型蓝带蚊、暗糊蓝带蚊；原生态区则未捕到环斑按蚊、棋斑按蚊、白顶库蚊、棕盾库蚊、多环曼蚊。2002-2003年在开发区与原生态区发现幼虫蚊虫物种共26种,包括了按蚊属蚊种11种,库蚊属蚊种11种,伊蚊属蚊种1种,蓝带蚊属3种。其种群数量以按蚊属的中华按蚊幼虫数量为最多,其次为微小按蚊。库蚊属以麻翅库蚊幼虫和三带喙库蚊幼虫种群数量为最多。伊蚊属和蓝带蚊属幼虫种群数量比较小。两生境所捕捞的幼虫相比,在开发区捕捞的幼虫中没有克氏按蚊和科利蓝带蚊,而在原生态区没有中华库蚊、黑点库蚊、白胸库蚊及伊蚊属的幼虫。原生态区与开发区重要疾病传播媒介的种群密度季节消长比较发现： 1.微小按蚊成蚊密度在开发区不论是人房还是牛房密度均高于原生态区微小按蚊成蚊密度,开发区微小按蚊成蚊密度在人房分别在7月和9月出现两个高峰,这与该区微小按蚊幼虫密度分别在6月和8月出现两个高峰相吻合。而在原生态区人房微小按蚊成蚊密度仅在9月份出现一个高峰。 2.三带喙库蚊成蚊密度在开发区不论是人房还是牛房密度均低于原生态区三带喙库蚊密度,其成蚊密度高峰两个区均一致为7月份；幼虫密度高峰为6月。 结论：开发区与原生态区蚊虫物种丰富度、多样性指数较高,其中开发区的生态环境改变使乙型脑炎主要媒介三带喙库蚊密度较原生态区的种群密度有所降低,而使主要传疟媒介微小按蚊密度却相对较高,建议有关卫生防疫部门给予高度重视。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study and compare the characteristics of mosquito communities and their important disease vector ecological habits in original ecological areas and development zones of Mengla County Yunnan Province in order to provide scientific basis for the study of population communities of mosquito vectors and the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in the future. Methods from June to October of the peak period of vector activity in 2002 / 03, the human and cattle houses in two similar (Habitat) habitats in the original ecological area and the development zone were fixed with CDC (New Standard Night and Daytime Battery-Powered Traps) and UV (New Standard Miniature BlackLight (UV) Traps) mosquito trap lamp, respectively. Fixed-point entrapment collected all adult mosquito species at site observation points and classified and registered them. The larvae were fished by fixed, fixed and fixed-point fishing, and classified and counted after the two observation points were fished. Results from 2002 to 2003, 53 species of mosquitoes belonging to 8 genera, including 21 species of Anopheles (Genus Anopheles), 16 species of Culex (Genus Culex), 6 species of Aedes (Genus Aedes) and 5 species of (Genus Uranotaeniini), were found in this area. There are 2 species of (Genus Mansonia), 1 species of (Gunus Armigeres), 1 species of (Genus Mimomyia) and 1 species of (Genus Heizmannia). The number of Anopheles minimus was the largest, followed by Anopheles kopheri and Anopheles sinensis. Culex tritaeniorhynchus population is the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The main species of Aedes is Aedes spp. The species of mosquitoes caught in the original ecological area and the development zone are different. There are no Anopheles pipiens, Culex albopictus, Culex pipiens, Aedes spinoides, Aedes aegypti, giant blue belt mosquito, and dimatite mosquito in the development zone. Anopheles ringspot, Anopheles albopictus, Culex albopictus and polycyclic mosquitoes were not found in primordial areas. In 2002-2003, 26 species of larval mosquitoes were found in the development zones and primordial areas, including 11 species of Anopheles and 11 species of Culex, There are 1 species of Aedes and 3 species of Blue Belt. The number of Anopheles sinensis larvae was the largest, followed by Anopheles minimus. Culex pipiens larvae and Culex tritaeniorhynchus populations are the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The larva populations of Aedes and Blue Belt are relatively small. Compared with the larvae caught in the two habitats, there were no Anopheles kornii and Coriolis in the development zone, while there were no Culex chinensis, Culex nigra, Culex albopictus and Aedes in the primordial area. The seasonal comparison of population density between primordial areas and development zones is as follows: 1. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus was higher in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus appeared two peaks in July and September, respectively. This coincides with the two peaks of the larval density of Anopheles minimus in June and August, respectively. However, the adult density of Anopheles minimus reached a peak of 2. 2 in September in primordial areas. The density of adult mosquito of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was lower in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The peak of adult mosquito density was in July, and the larval density peak was in June. Conclusion: the species richness and diversity index of mosquitoes are higher in the development zone and protozoa, and the population density of Culex tritaeniformis, the main vector of encephalitis B, is lower than that in the original ecological area due to the change of ecological environment in the development zone. However, the density of Anopheles minimus, which is the main vector of malaria, is relatively high. It is suggested that the health and epidemic prevention departments should attach great importance to it.
【学位授予单位】：大理学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R184
本文编号：2176297
[Abstract]:Objective: to study and compare the characteristics of mosquito communities and their important disease vector ecological habits in original ecological areas and development zones of Mengla County Yunnan Province in order to provide scientific basis for the study of population communities of mosquito vectors and the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in the future. Methods from June to October of the peak period of vector activity in 2002 / 03, the human and cattle houses in two similar (Habitat) habitats in the original ecological area and the development zone were fixed with CDC (New Standard Night and Daytime Battery-Powered Traps) and UV (New Standard Miniature BlackLight (UV) Traps) mosquito trap lamp, respectively. Fixed-point entrapment collected all adult mosquito species at site observation points and classified and registered them. The larvae were fished by fixed, fixed and fixed-point fishing, and classified and counted after the two observation points were fished. Results from 2002 to 2003, 53 species of mosquitoes belonging to 8 genera, including 21 species of Anopheles (Genus Anopheles), 16 species of Culex (Genus Culex), 6 species of Aedes (Genus Aedes) and 5 species of (Genus Uranotaeniini), were found in this area. There are 2 species of (Genus Mansonia), 1 species of (Gunus Armigeres), 1 species of (Genus Mimomyia) and 1 species of (Genus Heizmannia). The number of Anopheles minimus was the largest, followed by Anopheles kopheri and Anopheles sinensis. Culex tritaeniorhynchus population is the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The main species of Aedes is Aedes spp. The species of mosquitoes caught in the original ecological area and the development zone are different. There are no Anopheles pipiens, Culex albopictus, Culex pipiens, Aedes spinoides, Aedes aegypti, giant blue belt mosquito, and dimatite mosquito in the development zone. Anopheles ringspot, Anopheles albopictus, Culex albopictus and polycyclic mosquitoes were not found in primordial areas. In 2002-2003, 26 species of larval mosquitoes were found in the development zones and primordial areas, including 11 species of Anopheles and 11 species of Culex, There are 1 species of Aedes and 3 species of Blue Belt. The number of Anopheles sinensis larvae was the largest, followed by Anopheles minimus. Culex pipiens larvae and Culex tritaeniorhynchus populations are the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The larva populations of Aedes and Blue Belt are relatively small. Compared with the larvae caught in the two habitats, there were no Anopheles kornii and Coriolis in the development zone, while there were no Culex chinensis, Culex nigra, Culex albopictus and Aedes in the primordial area. The seasonal comparison of population density between primordial areas and development zones is as follows: 1. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus was higher in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus appeared two peaks in July and September, respectively. This coincides with the two peaks of the larval density of Anopheles minimus in June and August, respectively. However, the adult density of Anopheles minimus reached a peak of 2. 2 in September in primordial areas. The density of adult mosquito of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was lower in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The peak of adult mosquito density was in July, and the larval density peak was in June. Conclusion: the species richness and diversity index of mosquitoes are higher in the development zone and protozoa, and the population density of Culex tritaeniformis, the main vector of encephalitis B, is lower than that in the original ecological area due to the change of ecological environment in the development zone. However, the density of Anopheles minimus, which is the main vector of malaria, is relatively high. It is suggested that the health and epidemic prevention departments should attach great importance to it.
【学位授予单位】：大理学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R184
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