两种塑料地膜在云南省有螺排灌沟的短期灭螺效果比较

发布时间：2018-08-24 15:28

【摘要】：目的观察并比较无色和黑色塑料地膜覆盖法在云南省有螺排灌沟的短期灭螺效果。方法选择钉螺密度较高的排灌沟,设单纯无色地膜覆盖组、单纯黑色地膜覆盖组、无色地膜覆盖施药组和黑色地膜覆盖施药组4个组。在实验前以及覆盖地膜后7、14、21、30 d对各组进行螺情调查,观察钉螺死亡率,并定时记录土表温度、膜内土表及土下5、15cm处温度及每日天气情况。结果单纯无色地膜覆盖组钉螺平均死亡率(15.29%)略高于单纯黑色地膜覆盖组(6.56%)(P0.01),两组灭螺效果均不理想。两种地膜覆盖并辅以灭螺药,均能增加钉螺死亡率;无色、黑色地膜施药覆盖组钉螺平均死亡率分别为40.80%、50.15%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两种塑料地膜均能提高膜内土表及土内温度,并且随着覆盖时间的延长膜内土壤温度均呈升高趋势,黑色地膜覆盖后30 d平均膜内土表温度高于无色地膜。结论云南省有螺排灌沟不宜大范围使用地膜覆盖法灭螺,如必须使用地膜,需辅以灭螺药物。
[Abstract]:Objective To observe and compare the short-term molluscicidal effect of colorless and black plastic mulching in the drainage and irrigation ditches with snails in Yunnan Province.Methods The drainage and irrigation ditches with high density of snails were divided into four groups: simple colorless plastic mulching group, simple black plastic mulching group, colorless plastic mulching group and black plastic mulching group. The mortality of snails was observed at 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after plastic film mulching, and the surface temperature of soil, surface temperature of soil and 5,15 cm below the film and daily weather were recorded regularly. Results The average mortality of snails in the simple colorless plastic film mulching group (15.29%) was slightly higher than that in the simple black plastic film mulching group (6.56%) (P 0.01). The average mortality of snails in the colorless and black mulching group was 40.80% and 50.15% respectively, with no significant difference (P 0.05). The average soil surface temperature in the film was higher than that in the colorless film 30 days after the black film mulching.
【作者单位】：云南省地方病防治所;云南省洱源县血吸虫病防治站;
【分类号】：R184.38

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