甲乙肝联合疫苗和乙型脑膜炎疫苗接种后安全性评价的动物实验研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 13:43

【摘要】：在突发公共卫生事件发生时,为了防止传染病疫情的发生和蔓延,需要对疾病的易感者采取及时有效的防护措施。相对于常规免疫接种的计划性,应急接种更强调应急性。一般要求应急免疫接种要在48小时内完成。在紧急状况下,多种疫苗的联合接种可以提高现场工作效率。但是,不同疫苗的联合应用能否产生有效的生物效应,是否引发不良反应值得观察。我国是病毒性肝炎和乙型脑膜炎的高发区,人群普遍易感。在重大灾难发生时,甲肝和乙肝联合疫苗、乙脑减毒疫苗的接种频率高,现场工作量大,迫切需要对相关技术进行改良。本研究以小鼠为研究对象,采用组织病理分析、酶联免疫测定、生化分析、细胞培养和动物实验等技术探讨在紧急状态下,同时接种甲乙肝联合疫苗和乙脑减毒疫苗后的安全性,以期为开发“三联”疫苗的同时接种技术提供依据。研究结果如下: 1.试验过程中,实验动物体重均有增加,局部无结节,无过敏症状的发生,健康存活;小鼠的肝脏和脑的病理切片均未见异常,谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的检测所测得值均在正常范围内。表明同时接种甲乙肝联合疫苗和乙型脑膜炎减毒活疫苗没有产生安全问题。 2.接种甲乙肝联合疫苗和乙脑疫苗组的实验动物的甲型肝炎抗体阳转率为90%,乙型肝炎抗体阳转率为80%,乙脑抗体阳转率为70%,与对照组均无显著性差异。表明同时接种甲乙肝联合疫苗同乙型脑膜炎减毒活疫苗不影响相关抗原的免疫原性,生物效应正常。
[Abstract]:In order to prevent the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases, it is necessary to take timely and effective protective measures against the susceptible persons when public health emergencies occur. Emergency vaccination is more important than routine immunization planning. Emergency immunization is generally required to be completed within 48 hours. In emergency situations, the combined vaccination of multiple vaccines can improve the efficiency of field work. However, whether combined use of different vaccines can produce effective biological effects and induce adverse reactions is worth observing. China is a high incidence of viral hepatitis and meningitis B, the population is generally susceptible. At the time of major disaster, the inoculation frequency of hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine and the attenuated je vaccine are high, and the work load on the spot is large, so it is urgent to improve the related technology. In this study, we used histopathological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, biochemical analysis, cell culture and animal experiments to study the mice under emergency. The safety of hepatitis A vaccine and attenuated encephalitis B vaccine was studied in order to provide evidence for the development of triple vaccine. The results are as follows: 1. In the course of the experiment, the weight of the experimental animals increased, there were no nodule, no allergic symptoms, healthy survival; The pathological sections of liver and brain of mice were not abnormal, and the measured values of glutamate-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) were within the normal range. The results showed that there were no safety problems with both hepatitis A and B attenuated live vaccines. 2. The positive conversion rate of hepatitis A antibody, hepatitis B antibody positive conversion rate and Japanese encephalitis antibody positive conversion rate were 90, 80 and 70 respectively in the experimental animals inoculated with hepatitis A vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine group, and there was no significant difference between the experimental animals and the control group. The results showed that the immunogenicity of the related antigens was not affected and the biological effect was normal.
【学位授予单位】：第三军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R186

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