美国修改国内埃博拉疫情应对措施

发布时间：2018-11-17 14:57

【摘要】：埃博拉病毒是引起人类和灵长类动物发生埃博拉出血热的烈性病毒,其引起的埃博拉出血热是当今世界上致命的病毒性出血热,感染者症状与同为纤维病毒科的马尔堡病毒极为相似,包括恶心、呕吐、腹泻、肤色改变、全身酸痛、体内出血、体外出血、发热等。埃博拉病毒生物安全等级为4级(艾滋病为3级,SARS为3级,级数越大防护越严格)。病毒潜伏期可达2~21 d。经肠道、非胃肠道或鼻内途径均可造成感染,感染后2~5 d出现高热,6~9 d死亡。2014年2月新一轮埃博拉疫情在几内亚被发现,西非国家正呈加速蔓延之势,2014年9月17日,世界卫生组织官员称,西非地区已有超过3 000人因感染埃博拉病毒死亡,病毒感染超过5 000人。2014年8月2日美国接感染埃博拉病毒的医生回国治疗,9月30日美国本土确认第1例埃博拉病毒感染者,10月16日确诊第2例埃博拉病毒感染者,10月20日美国疾病控制和预防中心发布了新版医务人员处理埃博拉出血热患者的安全防护指南。
[Abstract]:Ebola virus is a strong virus that causes Ebola haemorrhagic fever in humans and primates, and it causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever, which is a fatal viral hemorrhagic fever in the world today. The symptoms of the infection are very similar to those of Marburg virus of the family Fibroviridae, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin changes, systemic soreness, internal bleeding, external bleeding, fever and so on. Ebola virus biosafety level 4 (AIDS level 3, SARS level 3, the greater the level of protection is more stringent). The incubation period of the virus was up to 2 ~ 21 days. Infection can occur through the intestines, through non-gastrointestinal or nasal pathways, with high fever and death in 6 to 9 days after infection. A new Ebola outbreak was detected in Guinea in February 2014, and the West African countries are spreading more rapidly, September 17, 2014. World Health Organization officials say more than 3,000 people in West Africa have died and more than 5,000 people have been infected with the virus. Doctors infected with the virus returned to the United States on Aug. 2, 2014. The first Ebola case was confirmed on 30 September in the United States and the second case was confirmed on 16 October. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released a new safety guide for medical staff dealing with patients with Ebola haemorrhagic fever on October 20.
【分类号】：R184

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