华西与华北两地戊型肝炎病毒在猪及人群中的流行病学调查研究
发布时间：2018-11-25 14:23
【摘要】： 戊型肝炎(HE)是发展中国家急性肝炎的主要病原体之一,目前已被世界卫生组织(WHO)认为是发展中国家的一个重要公共卫生问题。戊肝病毒(HEV)感染为人兽共患病,其传播途径主要经粪—口传播,病毒通过水或食物侵入体内,在肝脏中大量繁殖后与胆汁一起流入肠道,再与粪便混合后排除。常常会通过食用被HEV污染的食物或与HEV携带者密切接触而感染,当水源被含有HEV的粪便污染后会引起大规模暴发传播。中国对戊型肝炎的流行中传染源和传播途径等还缺少科学、全面的认识。猪是否是中国戊型肝炎病毒的主要传染源;爆发戊型肝炎事件中环境因素(如水)的作用等许多问题有待细致深入调查研究。 本研究拟结合中国环境特点对戊型肝炎的传染源、传播途径特点,一方面对2006～2007年华西某地区和华北某地区戊型肝炎监测站点进行横断面血清流行病学调查时收集的1464份人血清标本进行了戊型肝炎病毒感染的血清学研究;另一方面对华西地区和华北地区商品肉猪的323份血清样本、218份粪便样本和410份胆汁样本进行猪戊型肝炎病毒感染情况研究。 试验结果显示:华西地区抽样人群血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为45.05%,其中男性人群中血清抗-HEV抗体阳性率为48.38%,女性人群血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为38.32%;年老人群(50岁)血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为65.74%,年轻人群(25岁)血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为26.27%。华北地区抽样人群血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为27.2%,其中男性人群血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为30.21%,女性人群血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为20.60%;年老人群(50岁)血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为30.77%,年轻人群(25岁)血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为17.58%。 结果表明华西地区人血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率高于华北地区,两地区男性抗-HEV抗体阳性率均高于女性,而且随着人年龄增高抗-HVE抗体检测阳性率也有所增长,说明人群暴露在HEV阳性环境时间越长感染机率越高。同时,通过对两地区猪的血液、粪便和胆汁进行对比试验,发现两地区的饲养的部分商品肉猪都曾被HEV感染。华西地区商品肉猪血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为78%,华北地区商品肉猪血清中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为25%;华西地区商品肉猪胆汁中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为70%,华北地区商品肉猪中抗-HEV抗体阳性率为22%;但两地区内6月龄的生猪粪便中均没有检测出HEV,可能是由于采集粪便的方式及采集时间非排毒期有关,但以上结果完全可以表明华西地区商品肉猪的抗-HEV抗体阳性率明显高于华北地区,这可能与两地区的地理环境、气候差异、养殖条件和卫生状况等因素有关。 本研究通过对华西和华北两地区内商品肉猪的HEV感染情况研究,了解两地HEV感染的规律和特点,探讨两地区人群和商品肉猪感染HEV分布的特点与差异,为两地区戊型肝炎防治策略的制定提供了重要的资料,同时也为疾病预防控制和治疗检测提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Hepatitis E (HE) is one of the major pathogens of acute hepatitis in developing countries, and has been considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important public health problem in developing countries. The infection of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a disease of the human animal, and the transmission route of the virus is mainly transmitted through the stool mouth, and the virus enters the body through the water or the food, and then flows into the intestinal tract together with the bile after a large amount of propagation in the liver, and then is mixed with the feces to be discharged. It is often infected by eating a food contaminated with an HEV or in intimate contact with an HEV carrier, which can cause a large-scale outbreak when the water source is contaminated with a stool containing an HEV. In China, there is a lack of scientific and comprehensive understanding of the source of infection and the way of transmission in the epidemic of the hepatitis E. Whether the pig is the main source of infection of the hepatitis E virus in China, many problems such as the role of environmental factors (such as water) in the event of the outbreak of the hepatitis E virus are to be investigated in detail. This study is to combine the Chinese environmental characteristics with the source and spread of the hepatitis E. The characteristics of the route were as follows: on the one hand, 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of cross-section serum epidemiology of the hepatitis E-type hepatitis monitoring station in a certain area of Huaxi and a region of North China were carried out on the one hand, and the blood of the hepatitis E virus infection was carried out in 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of the cross-section serum epidemiological investigation. Qingxue study; on the other hand, 323 serum samples, 218 stool samples and 410 bile samples of commercial meat pigs in West China and North China were infected with hepatitis E virus The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the sample population in the West China region was 45. 05%, with the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the male population of 48. 38%, and the anti-HEV antibody positive in the serum of the female population. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was 65. 74%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in serum of the sample population in North China was 27. 2%. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the male population was 30. 21%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the female population was 20. 60%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was positive. The sex rate was 30. 77%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in human serum was higher than that in North China, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in both regions was higher than that of female. The positive rate of VE antibody detection also increased, indicating that the population was exposed to the HEV The higher the positive environmental time, the higher the probability of infection. At the same time, the blood, feces and bile of the pigs in the two regions were compared and tested, and the feeding of the two areas was found. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of commercial meat pig in China is 78%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig serum of North China is 25%, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig bile in China is 70%, and the commercial meat pig in North China The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody was 22%; however, the HEV was not detected in the feces of live pigs at 6 months in both regions, which may be related to the way of collecting the feces and the time of collection of non-toxic materials, but the above results can show that the anti-HE of the commercial meat pig in the West China region can be clearly indicated. The positive rate of the V-antibody is obviously higher than that of the North China, which may be different from the geographical environment and the climate in the two regions. In this study, the study of HEV infection in two regions of Huaxi and North China was studied, and the laws and characteristics of HEV infection in both regions were studied. The characteristics and differences of the distribution of HEV in the group and commercial meat pigs provide important data for the development of the strategy for the prevention and treatment of the hepatitis E in the two regions.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R181.3;S858.28
本文编号：2356431
[Abstract]:Hepatitis E (HE) is one of the major pathogens of acute hepatitis in developing countries, and has been considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important public health problem in developing countries. The infection of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a disease of the human animal, and the transmission route of the virus is mainly transmitted through the stool mouth, and the virus enters the body through the water or the food, and then flows into the intestinal tract together with the bile after a large amount of propagation in the liver, and then is mixed with the feces to be discharged. It is often infected by eating a food contaminated with an HEV or in intimate contact with an HEV carrier, which can cause a large-scale outbreak when the water source is contaminated with a stool containing an HEV. In China, there is a lack of scientific and comprehensive understanding of the source of infection and the way of transmission in the epidemic of the hepatitis E. Whether the pig is the main source of infection of the hepatitis E virus in China, many problems such as the role of environmental factors (such as water) in the event of the outbreak of the hepatitis E virus are to be investigated in detail. This study is to combine the Chinese environmental characteristics with the source and spread of the hepatitis E. The characteristics of the route were as follows: on the one hand, 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of cross-section serum epidemiology of the hepatitis E-type hepatitis monitoring station in a certain area of Huaxi and a region of North China were carried out on the one hand, and the blood of the hepatitis E virus infection was carried out in 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of the cross-section serum epidemiological investigation. Qingxue study; on the other hand, 323 serum samples, 218 stool samples and 410 bile samples of commercial meat pigs in West China and North China were infected with hepatitis E virus The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the sample population in the West China region was 45. 05%, with the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the male population of 48. 38%, and the anti-HEV antibody positive in the serum of the female population. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was 65. 74%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in serum of the sample population in North China was 27. 2%. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the male population was 30. 21%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the female population was 20. 60%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was positive. The sex rate was 30. 77%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in human serum was higher than that in North China, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in both regions was higher than that of female. The positive rate of VE antibody detection also increased, indicating that the population was exposed to the HEV The higher the positive environmental time, the higher the probability of infection. At the same time, the blood, feces and bile of the pigs in the two regions were compared and tested, and the feeding of the two areas was found. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of commercial meat pig in China is 78%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig serum of North China is 25%, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig bile in China is 70%, and the commercial meat pig in North China The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody was 22%; however, the HEV was not detected in the feces of live pigs at 6 months in both regions, which may be related to the way of collecting the feces and the time of collection of non-toxic materials, but the above results can show that the anti-HE of the commercial meat pig in the West China region can be clearly indicated. The positive rate of the V-antibody is obviously higher than that of the North China, which may be different from the geographical environment and the climate in the two regions. In this study, the study of HEV infection in two regions of Huaxi and North China was studied, and the laws and characteristics of HEV infection in both regions were studied. The characteristics and differences of the distribution of HEV in the group and commercial meat pigs provide important data for the development of the strategy for the prevention and treatment of the hepatitis E in the two regions.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R181.3;S858.28
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