2011-2012年医院感染现患率调查分析

发布时间：2018-12-07 07:21

【摘要】：目的通过现患率调查,了解医院感染的实际情况,发现医院感染管理中存在的问题,有效预防与控制医院感染。方法采用床旁逐个调查和查阅在架病历相结合的方法,填写统一现患率调查表,对2011年9月9日和2012年2月28日发生医院感染患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果 2011与2012年医院感染现患率分别为2.40%与3.89%,例次感染率为2.40%与4.05%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);医院感染部位以呼吸道居首位,占77.35%,其次为泌尿道占6.90%,皮肤软组织占3.95%;医院感染高发科室为ICU、神经内科、神经外科、肿瘤科和肾内科;多药耐药菌在医院感染病原菌中的比例分别为35.3%和32.1%,限制级使用抗菌药物病原微生物送检率分别为36.9%和54.8%;当日抗菌药物使用率分别为55.2%和52.0%。结论加强对医院感染重点部门、重点部位的监测与干预,提高医务人员感染控制意识,合理使用抗菌药物,对降低医院感染具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to find out the problems existing in the management of nosocomial infection and to prevent and control nosocomial infection effectively. Methods the clinical data of the patients with nosocomial infection occurred on September 9, 2011 and February 28, 2012 were statistically analyzed by using the method of bedside investigation and reference of the medical records on the shelf, filling out the questionnaire of the prevalence rate of the patients with nosocomial infection on September 9, 2011 and February 28, 2012. Results the prevalence rates of nosocomial infection in 2011 and 2012 were 2.40% and 3.89, respectively, and the infection rate was 2.40% and 4.05, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The nosocomial infection was mainly located in respiratory tract (77.35%), urinary tract (6.90%), skin and soft tissue (3.95%), ICU, neurology, neurosurgery, oncology and nephrology. The proportion of multidrug resistant bacteria in nosocomial infection was 35.3% and 32.1%, respectively, and the rate of microorganism detection in restricted use of antibiotics was 36.9% and 54.8%, respectively. The utilization rate of antimicrobial agents was 55.2% and 52.0% respectively. Conclusion it is of great significance to strengthen the monitoring and intervention to the key departments and key parts of nosocomial infection, to improve the consciousness of infection control of medical staff and to use antibiotics rationally in order to reduce nosocomial infection.
【作者单位】：宜宾市第二人民医院感染控制科;宜宾市第二人民医院药剂科;宜宾市第二人民医院检验科;
【分类号】：R181.32

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