绍兴市社区居民伤害现况研究

发布时间：2019-01-02 20:14

【摘要】：伤害流行病学是当前疾病预防控制的一门新兴学科。国内外资料表明,伤害造成大量的伤残与早亡,消耗了巨额医疗费用,从而造成严重的经济和社会负担,因此伤害与传染病、慢性非传染性疾病已成为危害人类健康的三大疾病负担。世界卫生组织指出,全球每年有500余万人死于伤害,伤害是绝大多数国家前5位的死亡原因。据WHO有关资料分析,我国的自杀死亡率居世界第一位。随着我国社会经济的发展和疾病预防控制工作的深入,近几年来我国在伤害的调查、防治等方面逐步开展了一些研究工作,如卢关平等对江门市中小学生的伤害情况进行调查,并根据调查结果预测:我国每年约有4000万中小学生遭受各种伤害,其中需要门诊或急诊治疗的有1360万人,需住院治疗的有335万人,有120万人正常功能受损,40万人因伤害造成残疾,估计医疗费用达32亿。我省对伤害的防治研究刚刚起步,绍兴市此前尚未在自然人群中开展过伤害的流行病学调查,全市的伤害流行状况和危害程度不甚明了。为填补绍兴市伤害流行病学的研究空白,掌握伤害在该市不同居民中的发生强度、分布特征、流行规律及相应的疾病负担,我们开展了本次调查。本研究同时探讨了伤害发生的原因和各种危险因素,为伤害的预防和控制工作提供依据。材料与方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法进行入户问卷调查。以最常见的交通伤害发生率(4%)为样本估算基线,结合调查的地区、居民性别、年龄等分层因素和开展调查时受检对象90%以上的应答率,进行样本量估计,估算得到本次研究总样本量
[Abstract]:Injury epidemiology is a new subject in disease prevention and control. Domestic and foreign data show that injuries cause large amounts of disability and premature death, consume huge medical expenses, and thus cause serious economic and social burdens, thus causing injuries and infectious diseases. Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the burden of three diseases endangering human health. The World Health Organization says more than five million people die each year from injuries, which are the top five causes of death in most countries. According to WHO data analysis, China's suicide mortality rate ranked first in the world. With the development of our country's social economy and the deepening of disease prevention and control work, in recent years, our country has gradually carried out some research work in the fields of injury investigation, prevention and control, such as Lu Guanping and so on, to investigate the injury situation of primary and middle school students in Jiangmen City. According to the results of the investigation, it is predicted that about 40 million primary and middle school students in China suffer from various kinds of injuries every year, of which 13.6 million are in need of outpatient or emergency treatment, 3.35 million are in need of hospitalization, and 1.2 million are impaired in normal functions. 400000 people are crippled by injuries, with an estimated medical cost of 3.2 billion. The research on prevention and treatment of injury in our province has just started, Shaoxing city has not carried out the epidemiological investigation of injury in natural population before, the epidemic situation and harm degree of injury in the whole city is not very clear. In order to fill in the blank in the study of injury epidemiology in Shaoxing city and to grasp the intensity, distribution, epidemic regularity and disease burden of injury in different residents of Shaoxing city, we carried out this investigation. The causes and risk factors of injury were also discussed in order to provide evidence for prevention and control of injury. Materials and methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used for household questionnaire survey. The sample size was estimated by taking the most common incidence of traffic injury (4%) as the sample baseline, taking into account the stratified factors such as sex, age of residents and the response rate of more than 90% of the subjects at the time of the survey. Estimate the total sample size of the study
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R181.3

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