吉林省西部牧区养殖羊户家庭中小学生布病防治知识及行为习惯调查分析

发布时间：2019-01-17 08:52

【摘要】：目的:了解吉林省西部牧区养殖羊户家庭中小学生对布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)防治知识的知晓及行为习惯现状,为牧区学校开展布病健康教育提供依据。方法:采用多阶段抽样方法,抽取吉林省松原市前郭县养殖羊户集中的2个乡镇(乌兰塔拉乡和查干花镇)的中小学校,抽取近1年家庭养羊的在校学生209人,以面对面访谈方式进行问卷调查。结果:206人中有105人(50.97%)听说过布病,布病防治知识的得分中位数(四分位数间距)为8.00(6.00,9.00)分,合格率为28.64%;合格率有随年龄增高呈上升的趋势(χ2=28.80,P=0.00)。了解布病途径主要通过村医和熟人介绍的为72人(34.95%),通过学校健康教育获得的为11人(5.34%)。206人中有104人与羊有过接触,接触率为50.49%;8种与羊接触的方式和接触率分别为帮忙喂食21.84%(62/206)、抱羊羔接触16.50%(58/206)、帮忙打扫羊圈卫生8.73%(26/206)、接种疫苗5.34%(17/206)、帮忙挤奶2.91%(6/206)、处理羊流产物2.91%(6/206)、屠宰2.42%(5/206)和接生1.94%(4/206);布病防治知识知晓合格学生和不合格学生比较,帮忙喂食学生采取基本防护的防护率前者高于后者(P=0.03);其他接触行为,采取基本防护的防护率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:吉林省西部牧区养殖羊户家庭学生对布病防治知识知晓率普遍偏低,存在与羊接触的高危行为习惯,且基本防护率较低。应加强牧区在校学生布病防治知识健康教育,提高防病意识,降低感染风险。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the knowledge of brucellosis (brucellosis) among primary and middle school students in sheep households in western pastoral area of Jilin province and to provide evidence for health education of brucellosis in pastoral schools. Methods: a multi-stage sampling method was used to select two primary and secondary schools in Qianguo County, Songyuan City, Jilin Province, in which sheep farmers were concentrated (Wu Lan Tara Township and Chagan Hua Town), and 209 students who had been raising sheep in their families for nearly one year were selected. The questionnaire was conducted by face-to-face interview. Results: 105 (50.97%) of 206 people had heard of brucellosis. The median score of knowledge of prevention and control of brucellosis was 8.00 (6.00 ~ 9.00), and the qualified rate was 28.64. The qualified rate increased with age (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (28.80) P ~ (0.00). 72 people (34.95%) were introduced by village doctors and acquaintances, and 11 (5.34%) by school health education. 104 of 206 people had contact with sheep, the contact rate was 50.49%. The eight ways of contact with sheep and the contact rate were 21.84% (62 / 206), 16.50% (58 / 206), 8.73% (26 / 206), 5.34% (17 / 206), respectively. 2.91% (6 / 206) of milking, 2.91% (6 / 206) of sheep abortion, 2.42% (5 / 206) of slaughtering and 1.94% (4 / 206) of delivery; Compared with the unqualified students, the rate of prevention and cure of brucellosis was higher in the former than in the latter (P0. 03). There was no significant difference in other contact behaviors between the two groups (P0.05). Conclusion: the awareness rate of knowledge on prevention and control of brucellosis is generally low among the students of sheep households in western pastoral areas of Jilin Province. The high risk behavior habit of contact with sheep is existed and the basic prevention rate is low. It is necessary to strengthen the knowledge and health education on prevention and cure of cloth disease among students in pastoral areas, to raise the awareness of disease prevention and to reduce the risk of infection.
【作者单位】：吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室;前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县疾病预防控制中心地方病防治科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助课题(81102163)
【分类号】：R184

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