2006年我国多中心苯唑西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌分子流行病学调查
发布时间：2019-03-23 14:56
【摘要】： 金黄色葡萄球菌目前已经成为世界范围内引起人类感染性疾病的首要病原菌,可以引起皮肤软组织感染及致死性疾病,如心内膜炎、肺炎、毒素休克综合征(TSS)等[1]。从此,MRSA逐渐成为全世界医院内获得性感染的主要病因。根据美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)统计,世界每年约有100,000人感染MRSA,并逐渐扩展到社区,引起社区获得性感染的流行。MRSA于1961年由Jevons首次发现,1996年起日本、美国、法国、英国等地陆续出现了对万古霉素不敏感金葡菌(VISA),而美国在2002年6月于1例糖尿病病人的静脉导管口的拭子分离出第1株耐万古霉素金葡萄菌(VRSA)[2]。同时社区MRSA(community-acquired MRSA,CA-MRSA)不断出现,且呈上升趋势,因此有学者将金葡菌与艾滋病,病毒性乙型肝炎一起并列为世界三大感染性疾病。 MRSA几乎对所有β-内酰胺类抗菌药物耐药,对其它临床常用的抗菌药物,如红霉素、四环素也耐药,近年来由于头孢菌素的广泛应用,选择压力较大,耐药性也在不断增加。其有效治疗药物主要为糖肽类抗菌药物,如万古霉素和替考拉宁。我国至今尚未发现VRSA,但已出现对万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌。MRSA一旦对万古霉素耐药,临床可选用药将非常有限,从而造成治疗上的困难。所以,MRSA的耐药性及流行病学研究对于正确治疗其引起的感染、防止其播散有重要意义。 本实验收集了我国十七家教学医院,遍及十五个省的大型教学医院302株MRSA进行葡萄球菌染色体盒子分型(SCCmec)、多位点序列分型(MLST)、葡萄球菌A蛋白(Spa)分型,总结爆发流行趋势,为临床及时控制院内感染提供依据。
[Abstract]:Staphylococcus aureus has become the leading pathogen of human infectious diseases worldwide. It can cause skin and soft tissue infection and fatal diseases, such as endocarditis, pneumonia, toxin shock syndrome (TSS) and so on. Since then, MRSA has gradually become the main cause of hospital acquired infection in the world. According to (CDC), the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, about 100000 people in the world are infected with MRSA, each year and gradually spread to the community, causing the epidemic of community-acquired infections. MRSA was first discovered by the Jevons in 1961 and was first discovered in Japan, the United States of America and France since 1996. Vancomycin-insensitive staphylococcus aureus (VISA), appeared in England and the first vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) strain was isolated from the swabs of vein catheters of a diabetic patient in the United States in June 2002.The results showed that the first strain of vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the vein of a diabetic patient in June 2002. At the same time, community MRSA (community-acquired MRSA,CA-MRSA) appeared and showed a rising trend, so some scholars have identified Staphylococcus aureus, AIDS and viral hepatitis B as the three major infectious diseases in the world. MRSA is resistant to almost all 尾-lactam antibiotics, and to other antibiotics commonly used in clinic, such as erythromycin and tetracycline. In recent years, due to the wide use of cephalosporins, the selection pressure is greater and the drug resistance is increasing. Its effective drugs are mainly glycopeptide antibiotics, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. So far, VRSA, has not been found in China, but Staphylococcus aureus with reduced sensitivity to vancomycin has been found. Once MRSA is resistant to vancomycin, its clinical choice will be very limited, resulting in difficulties in the treatment of MRSA. Therefore, the study of drug resistance and epidemiology of MRSA is of great significance for the correct treatment of the infection caused by the disease and the prevention of its spread. In this experiment, we collected 302 strains of MRSA from 17 teaching hospitals in 15 provinces to classify staphylococcal chromosome box type (SCCmec), multiple point sequence typing, (MLST), A protein (Spa) typing, and the results showed that staphylococci A protein (Spa) typing was carried out in 17 teaching hospitals in China and all over 15 provinces. To summarize the epidemic trend in order to provide evidence for clinical control of nosocomial infection in time.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R181.3
本文编号：2445924
[Abstract]:Staphylococcus aureus has become the leading pathogen of human infectious diseases worldwide. It can cause skin and soft tissue infection and fatal diseases, such as endocarditis, pneumonia, toxin shock syndrome (TSS) and so on. Since then, MRSA has gradually become the main cause of hospital acquired infection in the world. According to (CDC), the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, about 100000 people in the world are infected with MRSA, each year and gradually spread to the community, causing the epidemic of community-acquired infections. MRSA was first discovered by the Jevons in 1961 and was first discovered in Japan, the United States of America and France since 1996. Vancomycin-insensitive staphylococcus aureus (VISA), appeared in England and the first vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) strain was isolated from the swabs of vein catheters of a diabetic patient in the United States in June 2002.The results showed that the first strain of vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the vein of a diabetic patient in June 2002. At the same time, community MRSA (community-acquired MRSA,CA-MRSA) appeared and showed a rising trend, so some scholars have identified Staphylococcus aureus, AIDS and viral hepatitis B as the three major infectious diseases in the world. MRSA is resistant to almost all 尾-lactam antibiotics, and to other antibiotics commonly used in clinic, such as erythromycin and tetracycline. In recent years, due to the wide use of cephalosporins, the selection pressure is greater and the drug resistance is increasing. Its effective drugs are mainly glycopeptide antibiotics, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. So far, VRSA, has not been found in China, but Staphylococcus aureus with reduced sensitivity to vancomycin has been found. Once MRSA is resistant to vancomycin, its clinical choice will be very limited, resulting in difficulties in the treatment of MRSA. Therefore, the study of drug resistance and epidemiology of MRSA is of great significance for the correct treatment of the infection caused by the disease and the prevention of its spread. In this experiment, we collected 302 strains of MRSA from 17 teaching hospitals in 15 provinces to classify staphylococcal chromosome box type (SCCmec), multiple point sequence typing, (MLST), A protein (Spa) typing, and the results showed that staphylococci A protein (Spa) typing was carried out in 17 teaching hospitals in China and all over 15 provinces. To summarize the epidemic trend in order to provide evidence for clinical control of nosocomial infection in time.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R181.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前5条
1 朱德妹,汪复,张婴元;2004年上海地区细菌耐药性监测[J];中国抗感染化疗杂志;2005年04期
2 朱德妹,汪复,张婴元;2003年上海地区细菌耐药性监测[J];中国抗感染化疗杂志;2005年01期
3 李家泰,齐慧敏,李耘,中国细菌耐药监测研究组;2002—2003年中国医院和社区获得性感染革兰阳性细菌耐药监测研究[J];中华检验医学杂志;2005年03期
4 陆亚华,时庭文,陈虹,王玉玉,史伟峰;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性及耐药基因研究[J];中华检验医学杂志;2005年07期
5 余方友;林晓梅;李美兰;周铁丽;陈增强;王薇薇;戴美杰;陈坚;刘桂胜;;应用多重聚合酶链反应对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌进行SCCmec基因分型[J];中华检验医学杂志;2006年10期
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