毒品犯罪法定刑配置的正当性研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 17:56

本文关键词： 毒品犯罪法定刑正当性重刑主义轻缓化　出处：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：毒品犯罪问题是当今世界所共同面对的问题,我国面对毒品犯罪之猖獗,“重刑治毒”的刑罚态度在相当程度上占据了治毒立法的重要地位,在刑事法上最明显的表现就是泛犯罪化和重刑化。故而,本文拟对我国毒品犯罪之法定刑配置进行探讨,对域外毒品犯罪的刑法态度和刑罚适用模式进行比较与借鉴,并在遵循法定刑配置的基本原则下针对我国毒品犯罪法定刑配置问题提出自己的观点。目前我国毒品犯罪法定刑配置存在的突出问题是重刑主义显著、罪刑失衡,其原因是“重刑治毒”的政策在相当程度上秉承了中国重刑主义的法文化传统,且由于历史情节的纠缠,我们在一定程度上夸大了毒品对社会的危害程度,况且,我国对毒品危害性的理解上具有片面性,并认为毒品犯罪是不亚于暴力犯罪的最严重罪行,同时也忽视了毒品犯罪的危险犯本质。反观域外,英美法系如美国、英国、香港等国家和地区,对毒品犯罪采取刑法规制的重点不是重刑的适用,而是降低定罪标准以严密法网,并重视打击毒品犯罪延伸出的有关不法活动而实施的一系列相关立法。其“查辑从严、判刑从宽”的刑罚方法和实用主义的经验值得借鉴。大陆法系如德国、日本、台湾的反毒政策采取的是全方位的管理模式,不仅对犯罪行为进行惩治,更多的是对麻醉品的范围及使用人群进行设定以及采取预防、治疗等措施的协助治理模式共同在反毒工作上各尽其力。虽其禁止范围不断扩大,但刑罚并非严苛。在司法执行时都是采取偏轻的刑罚处罚。其对戒治预防措施的重视配合偏轻的刑事政策的方式同样对我们有益。若要完善我国毒品犯罪的法定刑配置,应遵循罪刑均衡以及刑罚经济的基本原则。具体来说,应当立即废除运输毒品罪的死刑,并结合我国实际情况逐步限制乃至废除非法买卖、走私、制造毒品罪的死刑,取消毒品再犯制度的单独配置,匹配合理的量刑标准和法定刑档次等。
[Abstract]:The problem of drug crime is a common problem in the world today. In the face of rampant drug crime, the penalty attitude of "heavy punishment and drug control" occupies an important position in the legislation of drug control to a certain extent. The most obvious manifestation of criminal law is pan-criminalization and severe punishment. Therefore, this paper intends to discuss the legal punishment allocation of drug crimes in China. This paper compares and draws lessons from the attitude of criminal law and the applicable mode of penalty of foreign drug crime. And in accordance with the basic principles of the allocation of legal punishment in accordance with the allocation of our country's drug crime legal penalty to put forward their own point of view. At present, there is a prominent problem in the allocation of legal punishment of drug crimes in China is the prominent problem of the doctrine of heavy punishment. The imbalance between crime and punishment is due to the fact that the policy of "heavy punishment and drug control" to a certain extent inherits the legal and cultural tradition of China's doctrine of heavy punishment and is entangled by historical circumstances. To a certain extent, we exaggerate the harm of drugs to society. Moreover, our understanding of the harm of drugs is one-sided, and we believe that drug crimes are the most serious crimes no less than violent crimes. At the same time, the essence of dangerous crime of drug crime is ignored. In contrast to the extraterritorial, Anglo-American legal system such as the United States, Britain, Hong Kong and other countries and regions, the focus of criminal law on drug crimes is not the application of heavy punishment. It is to reduce the standard of conviction to strict law, and attach importance to the fight against drug crimes extended by a series of illegal activities and the implementation of a series of relevant legislation. The penalty method of lenient sentence and the experience of pragmatism should be used for reference. The anti-drug policy of civil law system such as Germany, Japan and Taiwan adopts a comprehensive management model, which not only punishes criminal acts. More on the scope of narcotic drugs and the use of the population to set up and take measures such as prevention, treatment and other measures to assist the governance model in the anti-drug work together to do their best, although its scope of prohibition continues to expand. But the penalty is not harsh. In the judicial execution is to take the lenient penalty punishment. Its to discipline and cure the preventive measure to cooperate with the light criminal policy way is also beneficial to us. If wants to consummate our country drugs crime the legal method. Torture configuration. We should abide by the basic principles of balance of crime and punishment and penalty economy. Specifically, we should abolish the death penalty for the crime of transporting drugs immediately, and gradually restrict and even abolish the illegal trade and smuggling according to the actual situation of our country. The death penalty for the crime of manufacturing drugs, the abolition of the separate allocation of the drug recidivism system, and the matching of reasonable sentencing standards and legal punishment levels.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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