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经皮椎体成形术治疗陈旧性骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折临床评价

发布时间:2018-01-28 09:20

  本文关键词: 椎体成形术 压缩骨折 陈旧性骨折 骨质疏松症 出处:《河北联合大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:目的应用经皮穿刺椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)治疗陈旧性骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF),通过对手术前后视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)、Oswestry伤残指数(Oswestry Disability Index,ODI)、后凸Cobb角及脊柱后凸角的比较评价经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗陈旧性骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。 方法自2010年6月1日至2011年9月1日,在河北联合大学附属骨科医院(河北省唐山市第二医院)脊柱外科收集陈旧性骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患者资料共41例。其中男19例,女22例;年龄60~83岁,平均67.5岁;病程3~12周,平均5.9周。所有患者术前均有胸腰背部顽固性疼痛病史,日常活动受限,行X线、CT、MRI检查后证实为单节段陈旧性OVCF。骨折椎体:T113例,T1210例,L117例,L29例,L32例。通过术前及术后3天、3个月、12月视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)、Oswestry伤残指数(Oswestry Disability Index,ODI)、后凸Cobb角及脊柱后凸角评价PVP临床疗效。所有患者均在局部浸润麻醉下接受经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗,手术过程顺利,术后严密观察患者生命体征及双下肢感觉、运动情况,给予静脉滴注抗生素预防感染等治疗。患者术后卧床1天,术后第2天下床活动。术后常规行X线、CT检查,定期复查。统计和测量术后3天、3个月、12个月VAS评分、ODI指数、后凸Cobb角、脊柱后凸角。 结果所有患者均得到随访。术后嘱患者自行翻身,腰背部疼痛较术前明显减轻。椎体成形术后患者的腰痛症状明显缓解,VAS评分显著降低,术前VAS评分为(7.6±0.7),术后3天、3个月、12个月VAS评分分别为(2.3±0.5)、(2.2±0.4)、(2.1±0.3),与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);术后ODI评分也显著降低,术前ODI评分为(73.6±7.3)%,术后3天、3个月、12个月ODI评分分别为(26.5±4.7)%、(25.5±3.9)%、(24.4±3.1)%,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);术后后凸Cobb角无明显改善,术前后凸Cobb角为(12.2±1.0)°,术后3天、3个月、12个月后凸Cobb角分别为(12.2±1.0)°、(12.3±1.0)°、(12.3±1.0)°,,与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);术后脊柱后凸角无明显改善,术前脊柱后凸角为(10.1±0.4)°,术后3天、3个月、12个月脊柱后凸角分别为(10.1±0.4)°、(10.1±0.4)°、(10.2±0.4)°,与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后行CT检查发现5例骨水泥渗漏事件,但均无临床症状,其中1例为椎旁血管渗漏,4例为椎体前缘渗漏,渗漏发生率为12.2%(5/41)。 结论对于陈旧性骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折,经皮椎体成形术作为一种微侵入手术,是一项安全、有效的治疗手段,其在缓解疼痛、稳定椎体、运动能力改善方面非常显著。椎体成形术与保守治疗相比,其优势在于可大大缩短病人卧床时间,其不仅手术创伤小,而且并发症相对较少,在有效避免保守治疗带来的椎体高度丢失及长时间卧床的同时,还能有效避免残留腰背痛等问题,所以其临床应用价值较高。因此,对于有长期腰背痛,经影像学证实为陈旧骨折患者来说,若无手术禁忌证,应尽早接受椎体成形术。经皮椎体成形术在后凸Cobb角、后凸角恢复方面不明显。在本研究中,随访期内未发生新发骨折,由于本研究病例数较少,随访时间较短,故不能排除PVP后有增加椎体新发骨折的风险。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the application of percutaneous vertebroplasty (percutaneous, vertebroplasty, PVP) in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, OVCF), the score of visual simulation before and after operation (VAS score), Oswestry disability index (Oswestry Disability, Index, ODI), kyphosis Cobb angle and spinal kyphosis comparison evaluation of percutaneous vertebroplasty in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
Methods from June 1, 2010 to September 1, 2011 in the Department of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei United University (Hebei province Tangshan City second hospital) spine surgery to collect old osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were 41 cases. 19 cases were male, 22 were female; the average age is 60~83 years old, 67.5 years old; the course of 3~12 weeks, average 5.9 weeks. All patients have suffered from back intractable pain history, daily activity limitation, X-ray, CT, MRI examination confirmed after single segment of old OVCF. fracture of vertebral body: T113 cases, T1210 cases, L117 cases, L29 cases, L32 cases. The preoperative and postoperative 3 days, 3 months, December, visual analogue scale (VAS score), Oswestry disability index (Oswestry Disability, Index, ODI), the clinical curative effect of kyphosis Cobb angle and PVP angle of kyphosis evaluation. All patients received the treatment of percutaneous vertebroplasty under local anesthesia, the operation went smoothly, after Yan Close observation of vital signs of patients and lower limbs feeling, movement, given an intravenous infusion of antibiotics to prevent infection treatment. Patients in bed for 1 days, second days after the surgery bed. Postoperative X-ray and CT examination regularly. 3 days after the operation statistics and measurement, 3 months, 12 months VAS score, ODI index, kyphosis Cobb angle, kyphosis angle.
缁撴灉鎵

本文编号:1470370

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