有机污染物对发光菌和鱼的毒性相关性研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 20:47

【摘要】：研究有机污染物对不同水生生物毒性的种间关系有助于探讨有机污染物对水生生物的毒性作用模式。本文应用1 470种有机化合物对发光菌的毒性数据和949种有机化合物对鱼的毒性数据,研究有机化合物对发光菌和鱼的种间毒性作用模式。结果表明,有机化合物对发光菌和鱼的毒性呈正相关,但种间相关性较差。通过计算毒性比率TR值表明多数类别有机化合物具有相似的种间毒性作用模式。基线和弱惰性化合物对发光菌和鱼的毒性均与辛醇水分配系数log Kow具有良好的线性关系,这说明基线和弱惰性化合物在发光菌和鱼体内的残余量CBR值均为一个常数。这些化合物对发光菌和鱼具有相似的毒性作用模式和生物吸收过程。另外,一些亲水性化合物的log TR值具有较大的种间差异,即对发光菌和鱼的毒性效应具有较大的种间差异,表明亲水性化合物对发光菌为反应型化合物,而对鱼为麻醉型化合物。有机化合物对发光菌和鱼的毒性种间相关性通过引入疏水性参数得到了一定的改善,这表明这些亲水性化合物毒性效应的种间差异有一部分归因于有机化合物在发光菌和鱼体内的生物富集不同,而不是由于与生物分子的反应性不同。这些亲水性化合物相对于鱼的腮和皮肤更容易通过发光菌的细胞膜,与生物分子发生化学反应,从而具有较高的毒性效应。Log Kow大于7的化合物对发光菌和鱼均具有较低的毒性,说明有机化合物在生物体内的富集能力对有机化合物剩余毒性的判别起着重要作用。
[Abstract]:Studying the interspecific relationship of the toxicity of organic pollutants to different aquatic organisms is helpful to study the toxicity model of organic pollutants to aquatic organisms. In this paper, the toxicity data of 1,470 organic compounds to luminescent bacteria and 949 organic compounds to fish were used to study the interspecific toxicity of organic compounds to luminescent bacteria and fish. The results showed that the toxicity of organic compounds to luminescent bacteria and fish was positively correlated, but the interspecific correlation was poor. The TR value of the toxicity ratio showed that most of the organic compounds had similar interspecific toxicity patterns. The toxicity of baselines and weakly inert compounds to luminescent bacteria and fish showed a good linear relationship with the octanol water partition coefficient (log Kow), which indicated that the CBR values of baseline and weakly inert compounds were both a constant. These compounds have similar toxicity patterns and bioabsorption processes to luminescent bacteria and fish. In addition, the log TR values of some hydrophilic compounds have great interspecific differences, that is, the toxic effects of some hydrophilic compounds on luminescent bacteria and fish are quite different, which indicates that the hydrophilic compounds are reactive compounds to luminescent bacteria. For fish, they are anesthetic compounds. The correlation between the toxicity of organic compounds to luminescent bacteria and fish was improved by introducing hydrophobic parameters. It is suggested that the differences in the toxicity effects of these hydrophilic compounds are due in part to the different bioconcentration of organic compounds in luminescent bacteria and fish, not to their reactivity with biomolecules. These hydrophilic compounds react with biomolecules more easily than fish's gills and skin through the cell membranes of luminescent bacteria. Therefore, the compounds with. Log Kow > 7 have lower toxicity to luminescent bacteria and fish, indicating that the enrichment ability of organic compounds in organism plays an important role in judging the residual toxicity of organic compounds.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21377022,21777022)
【分类号】：X171.5

【相似文献】