北京市基层全科医生对慢性肾脏病的认知调查

发布时间：2018-04-09 16:28

本文选题：全科医生　切入点：肾病　出处：《中国全科医学》2017年10期

【摘要】：目的了解北京市基层全科医生对慢性肾脏病(CKD)的认知情况,为CKD社区管理提供依据。方法于2016年1月,采用方便抽样法选取北京市7家社区卫生服务中心及其下属社区卫生服务站的全科医生293例。采用自行设计的调查问卷对其进行调查,问卷内容包括全科医生的基本情况和CKD相关知识两部分,其中CKD相关知识包括CKD基础知识[定义、诊断标准、肾小球滤过率(GFR)分期、高危因素、病因、临床表现、并发症]和CKD管理方面知识(筛查方法、血压控制水平、药物治疗、非药物治疗、转诊标准)。共发放问卷293份,回收有效问卷282份,有效回收率为96.2%。结果全科医生对CKD相关知识的总体知晓率为24.9%(843/3 384),其中对CKD基础知识的总体知晓率为24.9%(492/1 974),对CKD管理方面知识的总体知晓率为24.9%(351/1 410)。不同学历全科医生对CKD定义、诊断标准、高危因素、并发症、筛查方法、非药物治疗、转诊标准的知晓率间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而对GFR分期、病因、临床表现、血压控制水平、药物治疗的知晓率间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同职称全科医生对CKD定义、诊断标准、病因、临床表现、血压控制水平、药物治疗、转诊标准的知晓率间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而对GFR分期、高危因素、并发症、筛查方法、非药物治疗的知晓率间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。不同工作年限全科医生对CKD定义、诊断标准、GFR分期、高危因素、病因、并发症、非药物治疗、转诊标准的知晓率间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而对临床表现、筛查方法、血压控制水平、药物治疗的知晓率间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论北京市全科医生对CKD相关知识的掌握存在严重不足,应尽早建立CKD社区管理建议,加强全科医生培训,以利于CKD社区管理。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among primary general practitioners in Beijing, and to provide evidence for CKD community management.Methods in January 2016, 293 general practitioners from 7 community health service centers and their subordinate community health service stations in Beijing were selected by convenient sampling method.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the disease. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: the general practitioner's basic condition and the knowledge of CKD. The relevant knowledge of CKD included the basic knowledge of CKD [definition, diagnostic criteria, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) stage].Knowledge of high-risk factors, etiology, clinical manifestations, complications] and CKD management (screening methods, blood pressure control levels, drug therapy, non-drug therapy, referral criteria).A total of 293 questionnaires were sent out, 282 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 96.22.Results the total knowledge rate of general practitioners about CKD was 24.9 / 3384, of which the total awareness of basic knowledge of CKD was 24.992 / 1 974, and that of CKD management was 24.9 / 1 / 1 4100.The total knowledge rate of general practitioners was 24.943 / 3384%, and the total awareness rate of basic knowledge of CKD was 24.992 / 1 974%, and that of CKD management was 24.9%.There were no significant differences in CKD definition, diagnostic criteria, high risk factors, complications, screening methods, non-drug therapy and referral criteria among general practitioners with different degrees of education (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in GFR staging, etiology, clinical manifestations, blood pressure control level.There was statistically significant difference in the awareness rate of drug therapy (P 0.05).There were significant differences in CKD definition, diagnostic criteria, etiology, clinical manifestations, blood pressure control level, drug treatment and referral criteria among general practitioners with different titles (P 0.05). However, there were significant differences in GFR staging, high risk factors, complications and screening methods.There was no significant difference in the awareness rate of non-drug therapy (P 0.05).There was no significant difference in CKD, diagnostic criteria, high risk factors, etiology, complications, non-drug therapy and referral criteria among general practitioners with different working years (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in clinical manifestations and screening methods.There was significant difference in the level of blood pressure control and the awareness rate of drug therapy (P 0.05).Conclusion there is a serious deficiency in the knowledge of CKD among the general practitioners in Beijing. It is necessary to establish the CKD community management suggestion as soon as possible and strengthen the training of general practitioners in order to facilitate the CKD community management.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学附属复兴医院;首都医科大学附属复兴医院健康管理部;
【基金】：西城区可持续发展项目(SD2014-06-1)
【分类号】：R692

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