肾脏良性肿瘤的临床诊治分析（附18例报告）

发布时间：2018-06-13 09:49

本文选题：肾脏肿瘤 + 良性肿瘤　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨肾脏良性肿瘤的临床及影像学特点,提高对其的诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析兰州大学第二医院2013年1月至2016年12月收治的18例肾脏良性肿瘤的临床资料,并复习相关文献,分析肾脏良性肿瘤的临床特征,影像学表现,病理特点及治疗方法。结果:18例患者年龄在19~73岁之间,平均年龄为(45±13)岁,其中男性7例,女性11例;肿瘤发生在左肾7例,右肾11例,上述病例均为单侧单发;因体检或其他疾病就诊偶然发现13例,有临床症状者5例,主要表现为患侧腰痛与肉眼血尿;术前15例行B超和CT检查,3例行B超和MRI检查;治疗方法包括3例行开放根治性肾切除术,2例行开放保留肾单位术,2例行腹腔镜下肾根治性切除术,11例行腹腔镜下保留肾单位术;术后病理结果为肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤8例,肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤5例,良性囊性肾瘤4例,平滑肌瘤1例。结论:肾脏良性肿瘤较恶性肿瘤少见,临床症状缺乏特异性,术前影像学检查是诊断的主要手段,理论上来讲,由于绝大多数良性肾脏肿瘤的生物学行为呈良性发展且有不错的预后,保留肾单位手术应是其理想的治疗方法。术中结合冰冻病理检查可以减少误诊与过度治疗。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the clinical and imaging features of benign renal tumors and to improve their diagnosis and treatment. Methods: the clinical data of 18 cases of benign renal tumors treated in the second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2013 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features and imaging findings of benign renal tumors were analyzed. Pathological features and treatment. Results the age of 18 patients was between 19 and 73 years, with an average age of 45 卤13 years, including 7 males and 11 females, 7 tumors in the left kidney and 11 in the right kidney, all of which were unilateral, 13 cases were found by chance because of physical examination or other diseases. There were 5 cases with clinical symptoms, mainly manifested as low back pain and gross hematuria, 15 cases were examined by B-ultrasonography and CT before operation, 3 cases were examined by B-ultrasonography and MRI. The treatment included 3 cases of open radical nephrectomy and 2 cases of open nephrectomy and 2 cases of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and 11 cases of laparoscopic nephrectomy, and 8 cases of renal angiomyolipoma. There were 5 cases of renal eosinophil adenoma, 4 cases of benign cystic nephroma and 1 case of leiomyoma. Conclusion: benign renal tumors are less common than malignant tumors and lack specificity of clinical symptoms. Preoperative imaging examination is the main method of diagnosis. Because the biological behavior of most benign renal tumors is benign and has a good prognosis, nephron-sparing surgery should be an ideal treatment. Intraoperative and frozen pathological examination can reduce misdiagnosis and overtreatment.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R737.11

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