经皮肾镜取石术与开放手术治疗肾结石的对比研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 15:26

【摘要】：目的：比较与评价经皮肾镜取石术与开放手术在治疗肾结石中的临床应用。 方法：回顾性分析50例接受经皮肾镜取石术和36例开放性手术治疗肾结石患者的临床资料，，经泌尿系X线平片（KUB）+静脉肾盂造影（IVP）、超声、CT检查证实为肾结石的患者，满足入组和排除标准。术前两组患者在年龄、结石大小、数量、分布和肾积水情况无统计学差异。术后比较两组病例的平均手术时间、平均手术出血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症、结石清除率等情况的资料进行归纳对比分析。 结果：经皮肾镜组与开放手术组在手术时间、手术出血量、术后住院时间的比较结果均有统计学意义（P0.05），以a＝0.05为检验水准可认为经皮肾镜组的手术时间、手术出血量、术后住院时间少于开放手术组。经皮肾镜与开放手术组在一期碎石成功情况、术后并发症、术后3个月肾积水好转情况比较无统计学意义。（P＞0.05） 结论：经皮肾镜碎石取石术治疗肾结石与开放手术相比具有手术通道建立便捷、定位准确、碎石、清石一期完成的特点，且具有手术时间短、术后住院时间短、术中出血少、恢复快、可反复进行的优势，可作为外科治疗肾结石的首选方法。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare and evaluate the clinical application of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and open surgery in the treatment of renal calculi. Methods: the clinical data of 50 patients with renal calculi treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy and 36 patients with open renal calculi were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were proved to be renal calculi by plain urography (KUB) intravenous pyelography (IVP), ultrasound and CT examination. Meet entry and exclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in age, stone size, quantity, distribution and hydronephrosis between the two groups. The average operation time, mean blood loss, postoperative hospitalization time, postoperative complications and stone clearance rate were compared between the two groups. Results: there were significant differences in the operation time, the amount of blood loss and the postoperative hospitalization time between the percutaneous nephroscope group and the open operation group (P0.05). The time of operation and the amount of operative bleeding in the percutaneous nephroscope group were considered to be the same as those in the percutaneous nephroscope group (P0.05). The postoperative hospital stay was less than that in the open operation group. The success of primary lithotripsy and postoperative complications in the group of percutaneous nephroscopy and open surgery, Conclusion: compared with open operation, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy has the advantages of convenient operation, accurate location and lithotripsy. It has the advantages of short operation time, short hospital stay, less bleeding during operation, quick recovery and repeated operation. It can be used as the first choice for surgical treatment of renal calculi.
【学位授予单位】：福建医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R699.2

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