不同性别间尿路感染病原体分布及耐药性的差异性分析

发布时间：2018-11-08 19:59

【摘要】：目的调查不同性别患者尿路感染病原体的分布及耐药性的差异,为临床有针对性选用抗菌药物、提高经验性治疗有效性提供参考。方法收集2014年1月至2015年6月住院及门诊患者送检的中段尿标本,将分离出的484株病原体进行鉴定和体外药物敏感试验。结果尿路感染患者中男性422人,女性644人,比例为1∶1.53,从标本中共分离出病原体20余种,阳性率分别为41.47%和47.98%。分离率最高的均是大肠埃希菌,所占比例分别为21.72%和41.73%,女性高于男性,但男性患者中产ESBL酶的大肠埃希菌所占比例高于女性,分别为68.4%和46.5%。0~10岁和40~50岁间男性尿路感染患者略多于女性,50岁以后女性患者持续多于男性。结论女性患者分离出的G-菌多于男性,而男性分离出的G+菌和念珠菌多于女性。药敏实验结果表明从男性患者分离到的G-菌耐药性强于女性患者,女性分离到的肠球菌耐药性强于男性,非白色念珠菌的耐药性普遍强于男性患者。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance of urinary tract infection in patients of different genders, and to provide reference for clinical selection of antimicrobial agents and improvement of the effectiveness of empirical therapy. Methods from January 2014 to June 2015, 484 strains of pathogens were identified and tested in vitro. Results among the patients with urinary tract infection, 422 were male and 644 were female, the proportion was 1: 1.53. More than 20 pathogens were isolated from the specimens. The positive rates were 41.47% and 47.98%, respectively. The highest isolation rates were Escherichia coli, which accounted for 21.72% and 41.73%, respectively. The percentage of Escherichia coli producing ESBL enzyme in male patients was higher than that in male patients. There were 68.4% and 46.5% of the male patients with urinary tract infection between 10 and 4050 years of age, respectively, and there were slightly more cases of urinary tract infection in the male patients than in the females after the age of 50 years, and the number of the female patients was higher than that of the male patients after 50 years old. Conclusion the G-bacteria isolated from female patients were more than those from males, while G-bacteria and Candida bacteria from males were more than those from females. The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the resistance of G- bacteria isolated from male patients was stronger than that of female patients, and that of female Enterococcus was stronger than that of male patients, and that of non-Candida albicans was generally stronger than that of male patients.
【作者单位】：山东大学齐鲁医院(青岛)医院感染管理部;青岛海慈医疗集团门诊部;山东大学齐鲁医院(青岛)检验医学中心;
【分类号】：R691.3

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