海藻油和青钱柳多糖辅助降血糖功能研究与机制探讨

发布时间：2018-02-28 00:03

本文关键词： 海藻油青钱柳多糖糖尿病降血糖胰岛素抵抗炎症氧化应激　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：糖尿病属于代谢异常综合征,以高血糖为基本特征,一般可分为1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病,其中2型糖尿病占到90%以上。流行病学调查显示,2013年,我国的成年人糖尿病发病率高达11.6%,患者总数达到1.14亿。糖尿病的发生发展过程与遗传、年龄、环境、饮食、运动等多种因素密切相关。普遍被接受的观点是,炎症和氧化应激在糖尿病的发生发展过程中占据中心地位,各种因素最终都会通过炎症水平上升、激发氧化应激而诱发糖尿病。海藻油从海藻中提取得来,富含植物性DHA,抗氧化和缓解炎症能力强,容易被人体吸收。DHA是二十二碳六烯酸,属于ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸,具有较明确的抗炎和抗氧化作用。目前,富含DHA和EPA的鱼油用于糖尿病治疗的作用研究多见报道,但是富含ω-3 PUFA海藻油的降血糖功效则研究较少。青钱柳为我国特有珍稀树种,目前对青钱柳水提多糖抗氧化活性的研究报道较多,但对其抗炎活性的研究较少,评价模型也较为单一。本研究采用国家食药监局推荐的辅助降血糖动物评价模型。造模成功后模型大鼠出现严重的胰岛素抵抗现象。实验全过程中,给药组每天进行海藻油灌胃,分阶段评价其降血糖功效。青钱柳多糖评价模型在上述造模成功之后使用链脲佐菌素破坏胰岛β细胞,模型大鼠出现严重的胰岛素抵抗和高血糖症状。使用青钱柳多糖灌胃,分阶段评价其降血糖功效。实验结果表明,海藻油可以显著性的降低高血糖模型大鼠的空腹血糖值,口服糖耐量试验和胰岛素耐量试验均出现显著性的改善;海藻油可以显著性的降低多项血清脂质的浓度,改善高脂饮食所导致的动脉粥样硬化指数升高;显著性的降低体内炎症水平,下调IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等Th1型促炎性细胞因子的浓度,上调Th2型抑炎细胞因子IL-10的浓度;显著性的降低血清CRP的浓度;改善体内氧化应激水平,提高SOD活性和总谷胱甘肽浓度,降低MDA的浓度。青钱柳多糖在单纯高脂饲料喂养2周后对血糖无显著影响,但显著降低了动脉粥样硬化指数、MDA水平、TNF-α水平与CRP水平,表明在单纯高脂饲料喂养期间柳叶多糖可改善血脂紊乱,降低氧化应激与炎症水平。在高脂饲料联合地塞米松注射期间,青钱柳多糖干预显著降低了空腹血糖、TG、MDA水平,显著升高了SOD活性与GSH水平,表明在该阶段青钱柳多糖可降低血糖与血脂,并发挥较强的抗氧化作用。模型组在注射STZ并继续喂养高脂饲料两周后,空腹血糖显著升高,血浆胰岛素水平显著下降。在此阶段青钱柳多糖干预对空腹血糖无显著影响,但仍能显著降低TG水平,并显著升高血浆胰岛素水平。综合各项指标分析,海藻油具有较好的辅助降血糖功效。针对该模型而言,海藻油具有显著的抗炎和抗氧化作用,可以有效的降低血糖、血脂,改善胰岛素抵抗现象,提高胰岛素敏感性,保护胰岛β细胞。青钱柳多糖则在2型糖尿病发生发展的不同阶段具有不同程度的保护作用,尤其在糖尿病前期具有较好的保护作用。
[Abstract]:Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome, high blood sugar is the basic characteristic, generally can be divided into type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes accounted for more than 90%. The epidemiological survey shows that in 2013, the incidence of diabetes in adults is as high as 11.6% in China, the total number of patients reached 114 million. The occurrence and development process and inheritance. Diabetes, age, environment, diet, exercise and other factors are closely related. The generally accepted view is that inflammation and oxidative stress played a central role in the development process of diabetes, various factors will eventually pass inflammation levels rise, stimulate oxidative stress and induce diabetes. Algae oil extracted from seaweed. Rich in plant DHA, antioxidant and relieve inflammation ability, easily absorbed by the body is twenty-two.DHA six carbon acid, which belongs to -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects are clear. At present, rich in DHA and EPA for the role of fish oil in the treatment of diabetes were reported, but the hypoglycemic effect of -3 rich in Omega PUFA algae oil is researched less. Cyclocaryapaliurus for rare endemic species in China, the present study reports on the antioxidant activity of sugar Qingqian Liushui had more, but the research on its anti-inflammatory activity less, evaluation model is relatively simple. The model used in this study to evaluate the hypoglycemic animal assisted the State Food and Drug Administration recommended. Severe insulin resistance rat model after the success of the model. The whole process of the experiment, the drug group daily sea algae oil gavage, evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Qingqian stages. Liu polysaccharide evaluation model using streptozotocin beta cells after the successful model, rat model of insulin resistance and high blood sugar symptoms. Use of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide gavage, evaluate the descending stage Effect of blood glucose. The experimental results show that the algae oil can significantly reduce hyperglycemia rats fasting blood glucose tolerance test, there was a significant improvement in oral glucose tolerance test and insulin content; serum lipid concentration of algal oil can reduce a number of significant improvement, high fat diet caused by atherosclerosis index.; significant decrease the level of inflammation in vivo, downregulation of IL-1 beta, IL-6, concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF- and Th1, Th2 concentration was increased by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines IL-10; serum CRP concentration decreased significantly; improve oxidative stress, improve SOD activity and total glutathione concentration decreased. The concentration of MDA. Cyclocaryapaliurus polysaccharide in simple high fat diet for 2 weeks had no significant effect on blood glucose, but significantly decreased the atherogenic index, MDA level, TNF- level and CRP level, that in the pure and high fat diet Feed during willow polysaccharide can improve dyslipidemia, reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. During the high-fat diet combined with dexamethasone injection, cyclocaryapaliurus polysaccharide intervention significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, TG, MDA levels increased significantly, SOD activity and GSH level in the order that Duan Qingqian Liu polysaccharides can reduce blood sugar with the blood, and play a strong antioxidant effect. In the model group after injection of STZ and fed with high fat diet for two weeks, fasting blood glucose significantly increased plasma insulin level decreased significantly. At this stage of cyclocaryapaliurus polysaccharide intervention on fasting blood glucose had no significant effect, but still can significantly reduce the TG level, and significantly increased plasma the level of insulin. Comprehensive analysis of various indicators, algae oil has good hypoglycemic effect. According to this model, the algae oil has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, can effectively reduce the blood sugar, blood fat, change Insulin resistance can enhance insulin sensitivity and protect islet beta cells. The polysaccharides of P. don have different degrees of protection in different stages of development of type 2 diabetes, especially in early stage of diabetes.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R587.1

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