中海油职工高尿酸血症患病率及相关危因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-07 15:24

本文选题：海上作业人群　切入点：高尿酸血症　出处：《天津医科大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的通过对中国海洋石油总公司(以下简称中海油)职工三年健康体检资料的分析和饮食习惯、行为生活方式等影响因素的调查,对比分析中海油海上与陆地两大工作区域职工高尿酸血症(Hyperuricemia,HUA)患病率、与体质指数、糖脂代谢等相关疾病发生情况及其与饮食等危险因素之间的相关性,以期员工建立良好的生活方式和习惯,控制慢性病的发病因素,为中海油员工防控HUA的发病提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2010~2012年海洋石油总医院健康管理系统数据库中的年龄20~60周岁、各项体检数据完整的体检者资料,进行高尿酸血症患病率和危险因素分析。通过横断面调查的方法对中海油海上作业和陆地工作员工进行问卷调查,有效调查问卷共597份,调查内容包括一般人口学资料(年龄、性别、身高、体重、民族、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、工作区域、工种等)、生活方式(吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼等)及日常饮食习惯,相关疾病的患病情况等,分析海上和陆地两大人群在人口学、生活方式及饮食习惯等方面的分布差异以及对HUA患病率的影响。结果2010年到2012年中海油田员工调查对象的HUA检出率分别为34.40%、36.20%、38.60%,呈逐年升高趋势,且海上员工的HUA总检出率37.41%高于陆地员工33.65%,P0.05;海上作业人员高血糖、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、高血压的检出率分别为30.50%,19.00%,27.10%,36.10%,陆地人员相应指标的异常检出率为24.1%、17.8%、21.1%、31.2%,除高胆固醇血症(P=0.12)之外,海上作业人员异常检出率均高于陆地作业人员,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;高尿酸血症组的体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、血糖、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的平均水平均高于正常血尿酸组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05。横断面调查问卷的数据结果表明,海上职工吸烟率和饮酒率、高盐饮食、每日谷薯类摄入量、禽肉类及其制品摄入量、海产品摄入量、蛋类及蛋制品摄入量、豆类及豆制品摄入量等均高于陆地职工;陆地职工每日蔬菜摄入量高于海上职工。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,教育程度大专或本科以上(OR值为0.240)、硕士及以上(OR值为0.168)、体育锻炼(OR值为0.555)、每日蔬菜摄入量200g以上(OR值为0.531)每日蔬菜摄入量400g以上(OR值为0.323)是HUA的保护因素;年龄50岁以上(OR值为3.212)、海上工作(OR值为1.714)、吸烟(OR值为2.053)、饮酒(OR值为1.617)、高盐饮食(OR值为1.738)、每日禽肉类及肉制品摄入量100g以上(OR值为1.880)、每日海产品摄入量100g以上(OR值为1.889)是HUA的危险因素。结论中海油职工HUA的患病率高于内地其他地区的调查结果,并呈逐年升高趋势,常年海上工作区域的员工患病率高于陆地员工;HUA者多伴发超重或肥胖、高血糖、高脂血症、高血压等代谢性疾病。中海油海上职工和陆地职工在生活方式和饮食习惯方面存在一定的差异,海上职工的不良生活方式及不合理的膳食结构是HUA的危险因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the health examination data of employees of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (Cnooc) in three years, and to investigate the influencing factors such as eating habits, behavior and lifestyle, etc. To compare and analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia, the incidence of hyperuricemia, the incidence of body mass index, glucose and lipid metabolism, and the relationship between the prevalence of hyperuricemia and related diseases, and the risk factors such as diet, etc. In order to establish a good lifestyle and habits of employees, to control the development of chronic diseases, To provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HUA among CNOOC employees. Methods the data of persons aged 20 to 60 years old in the health management system database of Offshore Oil General Hospital from 2010 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The prevalence rate and risk factors of hyperuricemia were analyzed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Cnooc offshore and land workers. 597 effective questionnaires were obtained, including general demographic data (age, age, age). Gender, height, weight, nationality, education level, average monthly income of family, work area, type of work, lifestyle (smoking, drinking, physical exercise, etc.), daily eating habits, prevalence of related diseases, etc., Analysis of the demography of both sea and land populations, Results from 2010 to 2012, the detection rate of HUA was 34.40% 36.20% and 38.60% respectively, which showed an increasing trend year by year. The total detection rate of HUA in sea workers was 37.41% higher than that in land workers (P 0.05), and there were hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia among sea workers. The detectable rate of hypertension was 30.50 / 19.00 and 27.106.100.The abnormal detection rate of the corresponding indexes of land workers was 24.1and 17.8and 21.1and 31.2cm respectively. Except for hypercholesterolemia (P0.12), the abnormal detectable rate of sea workers was higher than that of land workers. The average levels of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperuricemia group were higher than those in normal serum uric acid group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The results of cross-sectional questionnaire showed that smoking and drinking rate, high salt diet, daily intake of potato, intake of poultry meat and its products, intake of seafood, and so on. The intake of eggs and egg products, beans and soybean products were higher than those of the land workers, and the daily vegetable intake of the land workers was higher than that of the sea workers. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, The protective factors of HUA were OR value 0.240, OR value of master's degree and above 0.168g, OR value of physical exercise 0.555g, OR value of more than 200g / day vegetable intake 0.531) > 400g / day vegetable intake > 0.323g / day. The OR value of 50 years old and above is 3.212g, the OR value of work at sea is 1.714, the OR value of smoking is 2.053, the OR value of drinking alcohol is 1.617, the OR value of high-salt diet is 1.738, the daily intake of poultry and meat products is 1.880, the daily intake of seafood is more than 100g or. Conclusion the prevalence of HUA in CNOOC workers is higher than that in other inland areas. The prevalence rate of workers in the perennial marine work area was higher than that in the land workers with Hua, which was accompanied by overweight or obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Metabolic diseases such as hypertension. There are some differences in lifestyle and eating habits between CNOOC workers on the sea and land workers. Poor lifestyle and unreasonable dietary structure of marine workers are the risk factors of HUA.
【学位授予单位】：天津医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R589

【参考文献】