基于人体通信的无创血糖检测实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 13:36

本文选题：糖尿病　切入点：无创血糖检测　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：糖尿病已经被世界卫生组织列为继肿瘤、心脑血管病之后世界范围内的第三大慢性非传染性疾病,在医学上,目前还没有根治的方法;频繁的血糖检测已经成为糖尿病管理中的主要工作。目前,商用的血糖检测仪都是有创的,这种方式会给病患带来采血的疼痛,存在病毒通过血液感染的危险,同时,也不便于连续的血糖检测。因此,无创血糖检测成为了目前血糖检测技术发展的趋势。在众多无创血糖检测技术的研究中,基于人体通信信道介电特性的方法由于低成本、可应用在穿戴式设备上等特点正成为研究热点。虽然该技术已经取得了初步研究成果,但也存在如下问题:第一、采用在体实验的研究较少,主要是对人工配置的葡萄糖浓度不同溶液的介电特性展开研究,这种实验条件与真实人体血液环境相差大;第二、利用人体某一组织部位的单一频率点的阻抗来分析其与血糖浓度的关系,其携带的生理病理信息较少;第三、目前人体组织介电谱的获取一般是采用大型测量设备,其价格昂贵,且不便于便携式的血糖检测仪开发。本文在基于目前国内外有关利用血液介电特性进行无创血糖检测的研究基础上,主要探讨利用在体实验采集人体指尖在10KHz~100KHz的阻抗谱进行无创血糖检测方法的可行性,开展了如下工作:(1)分析目前全球糖尿病的患病现状及其危害,以及无创血糖检测技术的研究现状及成果,重点研究基于人体通信技术的无创血糖检测方法的原理。(2)研究不同类型电极对葡萄糖浓度变化敏感度的关系;对目前常见的三种形状的电极(矩形电极、矩形四电极、环形电极)进行电磁仿真和其在不同葡萄糖浓度的氯化钠溶液中的微波特性测试实验;建立人体指尖四阶Cole-Cole电磁仿真模型。仿真和实验结果表明,矩形四电极对血糖浓度变化具有较好的敏感度。(3)开发一套基于AD5933阻抗转换SOC芯片的便携式的人体指尖四电极阻抗谱采集系统,可实现10KHz~100KHz的阻抗谱测量。(4)利用自行设计的阻抗采集系统,按照临床上常用的标准葡萄糖耐量试验步骤,进行不同血糖浓度下的指尖阻抗谱在体实验,并对采集的阻抗谱进行初步研究和分析。初步实验结果表明,阻抗谱的特征参数cf的变化趋势能够较好的反映人体在标准葡萄糖耐量试验中血糖浓度的变化过程,为进一步寻找人体指尖阻抗谱特性与血糖浓度的关系,最终实现无创血糖检测提供了基础。
[Abstract]:Diabetes has been listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the third largest chronic non-communicable disease in the world after tumor, cardio-cerebrovascular disease.Frequent blood glucose testing has become a major task in diabetes management.At present, commercial blood sugar detectors are invasive, which can bring blood sampling pain to patients, risk of virus infection through blood, and is not convenient for continuous blood glucose detection.Therefore, non-invasive blood glucose detection has become the trend of blood sugar detection technology.Among the many noninvasive blood glucose detection techniques, the dielectric characteristics of human communication channels are becoming a hot research topic due to their low cost and the application to wearable devices.Although this technique has made some preliminary research achievements, it also has the following problems: first, there are few in vivo experiments, mainly to study the dielectric properties of different solutions with different concentration of glucose.The experimental conditions differ greatly from the real human blood environment. Secondly, using the impedance of a single frequency point in a certain tissue to analyze the relationship between the blood glucose concentration and the blood glucose concentration, it carries less physiological and pathological information.At present, the dielectric spectrum of human tissue is usually obtained by large measuring equipment, which is expensive and not convenient for the development of portable blood glucose detector.In this paper, based on the research on noninvasive blood glucose detection using blood dielectric characteristics at home and abroad, this paper mainly discusses the feasibility of using in vivo experiments to collect the impedance spectrum of human fingertips in 10KHz~100KHz for noninvasive blood glucose detection.The following work was carried out to analyze the prevalence and harm of diabetes in the world, and the research status and achievements of noninvasive blood glucose detection techniques.Focus on the principle of noninvasive blood glucose detection based on human communication technology.) study the relationship between the sensitivity of different types of electrodes to glucose concentration changes, and the current common three kinds of electrodes (rectangular electrode, rectangular electrode, rectangular electrode, rectangular electrode),The electromagnetic simulation and microwave characteristic test of the ring electrode in sodium chloride solution with different glucose concentration were carried out, and the four-order Cole-Cole electromagnetic simulation model of human fingertips was established.The simulation and experimental results show that the rectangular four-electrode has a good sensitivity to the change of blood glucose concentration.) A portable human finger tip four-electrode impedance spectrum acquisition system based on AD5933 impedance conversion SOC chip is developed.The impedance spectrum of 10KHz~100KHz can be measured by means of a self-designed impedance acquisition system. According to the standard glucose tolerance test steps commonly used in clinic, the in vivo experiments of finger tip impedance spectrum with different blood glucose concentrations can be carried out.The impedance spectrum is studied and analyzed preliminarily.The preliminary experimental results show that the variation trend of impedance spectrum characteristic parameter cf can well reflect the change process of blood glucose concentration in the standard glucose tolerance test. In order to find out the relationship between impedance spectrum characteristics of human fingertips and blood glucose concentration,Finally, non-invasive blood glucose detection provides the basis.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R587.1;TM934.7

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