光气急性染毒大鼠的血液流变学变化

发布时间：2018-04-27 10:58

本文选题：光气 + 中毒　；参考：《环境与职业医学》2017年11期

【摘要】：[目的]探讨光气染毒对大鼠血液流变学指标的影响。[方法]将健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、光气染毒组,每个时间点6只,每组共30只。将大鼠置于染毒箱内,对照组吸入空气5 min,染毒组吸入浓度为8.33 mg/L的光气5 min。在染毒后1、3、6、12、24 h,将大鼠用质量分数为20%的乌拉坦腹腔注射麻醉后,采集血液样本,进行血常规、血气分析及血液流变学相关指标检测。[结果]染毒组大鼠吸入光气3 h后,动脉氧分压和氧合指数出现明显下降,6 h后时达到最低点,分别为58.67、202.30 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa),此时氧分压达临床呼吸衰竭标准(60 mm Hg);氧合指数达到急性肺损伤诊断标准(300 mm Hg),接近急性呼吸窘迫综合征诊断标准(200 mm Hg)。同对照组相比,染毒组大鼠的二氧化碳分压在各个时间点均升高,p H值的变化与氧分压和氧合指数的变化大致相同。染毒组大鼠的红细胞计数在1、3 h时明显低于对照组(P0.01),6、12 h时与对照组无明显差异,在24 h时再次低于对照组(P0.05);红细胞压积在各时间点均有升高,且在6、12 h与对照组的差异有统计学意义(P0.01);血小板在各时间点均较对照组有明显降低(P0.05)。染毒组大鼠在不同切变率下的全血黏度均较在对照组有所升高,特别是在6 h时,除切变率为10 s-1外,其余切变率下二者的差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。在1 h时,染毒组大鼠的血浆黏度有明显的升高,之后逐渐下降,在24 h时与对照组相比差异无统计学意义。染毒组大鼠的红细胞最大变形指数在1 h时已出现明显降低,12 h时达到最低值,24 h时略有回升。[结论]光气染毒可导致大鼠出现急性肺损伤及明显的血液流变学异常。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effect of phosgene exposure on hemorheology in rats. [methods] healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 6) and phosgene exposure group (n = 30). The rats were placed in the exposure box. The control group inhaled air for 5 minutes, and the exposed group inhaled phosgene at the concentration of 8.33 mg/L for 5 minutes. The rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of uratan (20%) for 24 hours, and blood samples were collected for blood routine examination, blood gas analysis and hemorheological examination. [results] after inhaling phosgene for 3 h, the arterial oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index in the exposed group decreased significantly and reached the lowest point at 6 h after inhalation. They were 58.67202.30 mm Hg(1 Hg=0.133 k Paan, respectively. The oxygen partial pressure reached the standard of clinical respiratory failure and the oxygenation index reached the diagnostic standard of acute lung injury, which was close to the diagnostic standard of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARS). Compared with the control group, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the exposed group increased at all time points and the change of oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index was approximately the same as that of the control group. The erythrocyte count of the rats in the exposed group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 1: 3 h and the control group at 12 h, and was again lower than that in the control group at 24 h, and the hematocrit was increased at each time point. There was a significant difference between the control group and the control group at 6: 12 h, and the platelet level was significantly lower than that in the control group at each time point. The whole blood viscosity of the exposed group was higher than that of the control group at different shear rates, especially at 6 h, except the shear rate of 10 s ~ (-1), the difference of the whole blood viscosity under the other shear rates was statistically significant (P 0.01). At 1 h, the plasma viscosity of rats in the exposed group increased significantly, then decreased gradually, and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 24 h. The maximal deformability index of red blood cells in the exposed group was obviously decreased at 1 h and reached the lowest value at 12 h and increased slightly at 24 h. [conclusion] phosgene exposure can lead to acute lung injury and obvious hemorheological abnormalities in rats.
【作者单位】：北京大学第三医院职业病科;北京大学第三医院神经内科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(编号:81402641)
【分类号】：R595

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