糖尿病个体化医疗研究进展
发布时间：2018-07-24 18:16
【摘要】：糖尿病(Diabetes mellitus,DM)领域的个体化医疗(Personalized medicine)是在传统医学基础上结合基因组学、生物学标志检测等对糖尿病进行精确诊断和分层并指导治疗。基因检测可用于明确单基因突变糖尿病(Monogenetic diabetes),如青少年的成人起病型糖尿病(Maturity-onset diabetes of the young,MODY),新生儿糖尿病(Neonatal diabetes mellitus,NDM),线粒体基因突变糖尿病等的病因并协助靶向治疗。应用生物学标志物如抗胰岛β细胞自身抗体、C-肽等可指导DM精确分层并评估预后。药物基因组学主要从细胞色素p450 2C9(Cytochrome P450 2C9,CYP2C9)、有机阳离子转运蛋白(Organic cation transporters,OCTs)、过氧化物酶体增值物激活受体γ(Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma,PPARγ)等相关基因的基因多态性对口服降糖药物效果的影响方面为患者选择更有效降糖方案提供参考。虽然个体化医疗在糖尿病领域还不能达到精确诊断及治疗,但未来将成为糖尿病领域的发展新趋势。
[Abstract]:Diabetes mellitus (DM) in the field of individualized medical treatment (Personalized medicine) is based on traditional medicine combined with genomics, biological marker detection and so on for accurate diagnosis and stratification of diabetes and guiding treatment. Gene detection can be used to identify single gene mutated diabetes (Monogenetic diabetes), such as adults, adults. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), neonatal diabetes (Neonatal diabetes mellitus, NDM), mitochondrial gene mutation and diabetes and other causes and targeted therapy. Biological markers, such as anti islet beta cell autoantibodies, C- peptides, can guide the accurate stratification of DM and evaluate the prognosis. Pharmacogenomics The effects of gene polymorphism on the effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs are mainly from cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cytochrome P450 2C9, CYP2C9), organic cation transport protein (Organic cation transporters, OCTs), peroxisome value-added active receptor gamma (Peroxisome proliferator). Although individualized medical treatment can not achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment in the field of diabetes, the future will become a new trend in the development of diabetes.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R587.1
本文编号：2142242
[Abstract]:Diabetes mellitus (DM) in the field of individualized medical treatment (Personalized medicine) is based on traditional medicine combined with genomics, biological marker detection and so on for accurate diagnosis and stratification of diabetes and guiding treatment. Gene detection can be used to identify single gene mutated diabetes (Monogenetic diabetes), such as adults, adults. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), neonatal diabetes (Neonatal diabetes mellitus, NDM), mitochondrial gene mutation and diabetes and other causes and targeted therapy. Biological markers, such as anti islet beta cell autoantibodies, C- peptides, can guide the accurate stratification of DM and evaluate the prognosis. Pharmacogenomics The effects of gene polymorphism on the effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs are mainly from cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cytochrome P450 2C9, CYP2C9), organic cation transport protein (Organic cation transporters, OCTs), peroxisome value-added active receptor gamma (Peroxisome proliferator). Although individualized medical treatment can not achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment in the field of diabetes, the future will become a new trend in the development of diabetes.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R587.1
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