MC4R、GPC4、FNDC5基因单核苷酸多态性与肥胖症关系
发布时间:2019-05-16 07:27
【摘要】:研究背景肥胖症是遗传因素和环境因素共同作用导致一种复杂性的代谢性疾病。根据美国ATPⅢ标准,可将肥胖症分为两个类型,即代谢异常肥胖(MUHO)和代谢正常肥胖(MUO),由于这两组在病理生理以及治疗上各具独特性,因此近年来,对其遗传机制的研究也受到肥胖症研究学者的高度关注。近年来,全基因组关联研究(Genome Wide Association study,GWAs)用于探讨复杂疾病的遗传机制,目前为止,包括黑素皮质素受体-4(melanocortin-4 receptor, M C4R)在内已有数百个肥胖相关基因被发现。除GWAS研究外,脂肪因子对应基因与肥胖关系的研究也越来越重要,脂肪因子是由脂肪组织分泌的特异蛋白,是肥胖的重要指标,各个肥胖类型具有各自的脂肪因子水平。其中,脂肪因子glypican-4,由GPC4基因编码,能够通过直接与胰岛素受体结合,发挥类似胰岛素的作用,促进葡萄糖的摄取和前脂肪细胞的分化;脂肪因子irisin,由肌肉和脂肪组织分泌,Ⅲ型纤连蛋白结构域5(FNDC5)基因编码,可使白色脂肪棕色化,改善机体的糖耐量和增加能量消耗。研究目的本研究依托国家临床重点专科建设项目和国家自然基金中项目,分析脂肪因子编码基因FNDC5、GPC4和GWAs来源的MC4R、GNPDA2的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与中国北方汉族人群肥胖的相关性,探究SNPs位点等位基因频率、基因型频率等与各亚型肥胖及其相关代谢指标的关系。实验方法研究对象为1100例18-83岁的北方地区汉族人群,采用“病例-对照”的研究方法。肥胖组入选标准根据WHO对肥胖症和体重正常人群的BMI标准,代谢异常入选标准根据美国ATP III标准,对照纳入标准为同性别、同年龄匹配原则。建立代谢异常肥胖症组(MUHO) (BMI≥30 kg/m2且ATP Ⅲ≥2)、代谢正常肥胖症组(MHO)(BMI≥30 kg/m22且ATP Ⅲ≤1)、代谢异常正常体重组(MUNO)(BMI≤25 kg/m2且ATP Ⅲ≥2)和代谢正常体重正常组(MHNO)(BMI≤25 kg/m2且ATP Ⅲ≤1)四组研究人群,收集其临床资料和生化指标。本实验的SNP位点主要选择标签SNP,功能区SNPs位点,文献验证过的SNPs位点,再综合该位点在中国北方汉族人群中等位基因频率等进行筛选。最终选取FNDC5,MC4R、GPC4、GNPDA2基因的16个SNPs位点,MC4R基因选取rs2331841、rs656710、rs17782313、rs571312、rs12970134、rs11872992六个位点,FNDC5基因选取rsl6835198、rsl746661 rs3480三个位点,GPC4基因选取rs1129880、rs3761628、rs2073288、rs7059265四个位点,GNPDA2基因选取rs10938397、rs2101620、rs186117327三个位点,并利用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术进行基因分型,均分型成功。实验结果MC4R基因“病例-对照”关联分析(1)在肥胖与体重正常组间比较,rs2331841基因型AA/AG/GG在两间分布有差异(P=0.032), rs2331841以小频率等位基因A的隐性遗传模型(AA:GG+AG),携带AA型的人易患肥胖(P=0.039),二元logistic模型发现携带AA型的人患肥胖的风险是GG型的1.28倍,该位点解释了0.9%的肥胖症病因。rs17782313、rs571312、rs12970134、rs6567160、rs233184位点在三个基因型间舒张压有差异(p=0.02,p=0.01,p=0.03,p=0.01,p=0.02)。将MC4R基因四个位点连锁不平衡分析发现,rs2331841、rs6567160、rs571312、rs17782313位点间存在连锁不平衡,GTCT是最常见的遗传方式,但此连锁不平衡在肥胖症组和体重正常组中频率无差异(P=0.14)。(2)在肥胖与代谢正常体重正常组间比较,rs2331841小频率等位基因频率在肥胖组中较高(P=0.034)。(3)代谢异常肥胖组和代谢正常体重正常比较,rs2331841、rs656710、rs17782313、rs571312小频率等位基因频率在代谢异常肥胖组中较高(P=0.005,P=0.001,P=0.015,P=O.013)。rs2331841、rs656710、rs17782313、rs571312、rs12970134基因型频率在两间分布有差异(P=0.008,P=0.026,P=0.03,P=0.041,p=O.048)。以小频率等位基因的显性遗传模型,rs2331841、rs656710、rs17782313、rs571312携带显性基因型的人易患代谢异常肥胖(p=0.019,P=0.028,P=0.039,P=0.029)。以小频率等位基因的隐性遗传模型,rs2331841、rs656710携带隐性基因型的人易患代谢异常肥胖(p=0.017,P=0.049)(4)在代谢异常肥胖组与代谢正常肥胖组间比较,rs2331841小频率等位基因A频率代谢异常肥胖组中较高(P=0.039)。rs2331841、rs17782313、rs12970134基因型频率在两间分布有差异(P=0.017,p=0.027,p=0.044)。FNDC5基因“病例-对照”关联分析,rsl6835198基因型频率在代谢异常肥胖组和代谢正常体重正常组分布有差异(0.30/0.54/0.17 vs 0.32/0.46/0.26,OR=1.27,95% CI 1.00-1.61,p=0.050);以大频率等位基因的隐性遗传模型(TT:TG+GG)计算基因型的组间差异发现,隐性遗传模型在代谢异常肥胖组和代谢正常体重正常组及肥胖症与代谢正常体重正常组间比较有统计意义(p=0.0083,p=0.016);在代谢异常肥胖组与代谢正常肥胖组间比较,rsl6835198大频率等位基因频率在代谢异常肥胖组中较高(p=0.047)。在代谢异常肥胖组与代谢正常肥胖组间比较,rs1746661小频率等位基因频率在代谢异常肥胖中较高(p=0.048)。进一步分析SNPs位点不同基因型间肥胖症相关指标的组间差异,rs1746661位点在三个基因型间收缩压及舒张压有差异(p=0.02,p=0.05);rsl6835198位点在三个基因型间BMI、体重的有差异(p=0.00,p=0.02)。将FNDC5基因三个位点连锁不平衡分析分析发现,rsl6835198,rs3480和rs1746661位点间存在连锁不平衡,TAG是最常见的遗传方式,此连锁不平衡在肥胖症组和体重正常组中频率存在差异(P=0.05)。GPC4基因“病例-对照”关联分析,rs7059265基因型频率在肥胖组和代谢正常体重正常组间比较有统计学差异(0.61/0.39/0.0 vs 0.59/0.41/0.0,OR=1.72,95%CI 1.00-2.94,p=0.049)。rs1129880、rs3761628、rs2073288、rs7059265位点(GPC4)三个基因型间SBP、DBP、TG、HDL、UA、BUN、体重具有统计学差异。另外,glypican 4血清学水平在肥胖和体重正常两组间比较表明,肥胖组glypican 4水平明显升高(p=0.007)。结论(1)MC4R基因的rs2331841等位基因A为肥胖症危险因素,携带AA型的人患肥胖的风险增加,携带等位基因A更易患代谢异常肥胖。(2)MC4R基因的rs656710、rs17782313、rs571312、rs12970134携带小频率等位基因的人群更易患代谢异常肥胖。(3)rs16835198(FNDC5),rs7059265(GPC4)大频率等位基因为肥胖症危险因素。
[Abstract]:Background of the study obesity is a complex metabolic disease that has a common role in both genetic and environmental factors. According to the American ATP III standard, the obesity can be divided into two types, namely, metabolic abnormal obesity (MUHO) and metabolic normal obesity (MUO), because the two groups are unique in the pathophysiology and the treatment, so in recent years, The study of its genetic mechanism is also highly concerned by the study of obesity. In recent years, the Genome Wide Association study (GWAs) has been used to explore the genetic mechanism of complex diseases, so far, hundreds of obesity-related genes, including melanocortin-4 receptor (M-C4R), have been found. In addition to the GWAS study, the study of the relationship between the fat factor and the obesity is becoming more and more important, and the fat factor is the specific protein secreted by the adipose tissue, is an important index of obesity, and each type of obesity has a respective level of fat factor. wherein the fat factor glypan-4 is encoded by the GPC4 gene, can play the role of similar insulin by directly combining with the insulin receptor, promotes the uptake of glucose and the differentiation of the pre-adipocytes, and the fat factor irisin is secreted by the muscle and the adipose tissue, The encoding of the type 鈪,
本文编号:2478119
[Abstract]:Background of the study obesity is a complex metabolic disease that has a common role in both genetic and environmental factors. According to the American ATP III standard, the obesity can be divided into two types, namely, metabolic abnormal obesity (MUHO) and metabolic normal obesity (MUO), because the two groups are unique in the pathophysiology and the treatment, so in recent years, The study of its genetic mechanism is also highly concerned by the study of obesity. In recent years, the Genome Wide Association study (GWAs) has been used to explore the genetic mechanism of complex diseases, so far, hundreds of obesity-related genes, including melanocortin-4 receptor (M-C4R), have been found. In addition to the GWAS study, the study of the relationship between the fat factor and the obesity is becoming more and more important, and the fat factor is the specific protein secreted by the adipose tissue, is an important index of obesity, and each type of obesity has a respective level of fat factor. wherein the fat factor glypan-4 is encoded by the GPC4 gene, can play the role of similar insulin by directly combining with the insulin receptor, promotes the uptake of glucose and the differentiation of the pre-adipocytes, and the fat factor irisin is secreted by the muscle and the adipose tissue, The encoding of the type 鈪,
本文编号:2478119
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