吉林省2195例城乡居民糖尿病患病情况及相关因素分析

发布时间：2019-07-05 10:48

【摘要】：目的：通过对吉林省2195例城乡居民糖尿病患病情况及影响因素进行分析，描述吉林省部分地区糖尿病流行特征，对糖尿病的相关膳食因素、营养因素、行为生活方式等影响因素进行探讨，促进居民合理安排膳食，改善不良生活习惯，提高生活质量，为居民今后在膳食营养、生活行为方式等方面预防和治疗糖尿病提供理论依据。方法：采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对吉林省城市（吉林省长春市朝阳区）、农村（吉林省辽源市东丰县）2751例城乡居民进行问卷调查和实验室检测，调查问卷包括个人行为特征、膳食情况等；实验室检测包括晨起空腹血糖测定和餐后2h血糖测定等。采用统一编制的“吉林省居民营养与健康状况监测系统平台”进行数据录入；数据分析采用SPSS20.0进行。采用构成比描述调查对象的一般人口学特征，率描述不同人群糖尿病患病情况，计数资料采用2检验，采用t检验或秩和检验进行组间比较，P＜0.05具有统计学意义，正态分布用χ±s表示，偏态资料采用中位数M（P25，P75）表示，单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析糖尿病影响因素。结果： 1.调查吉林省居民2751人，有效应答2195人，其中城市居民1024人（46.7%）、农村居民1171人（53.3%）；男性955人（43.5%）、女性1240人（56.5%）；平均年龄47.3±19.0岁，18岁以下272人（12.4%）、18～44岁553人（25.2%）、45～59岁769人（35.0%）、≥60岁年龄组601人（27.4%）。 2.吉林省被调查居民糖尿病患病率6.7%，城市患病率8.4%，农村患病率5.1%，城市显著高于农村（2=4.155，P＝0.042）；男性患病率7.1%，女性患病率6.3%；45~59岁年龄组居民糖尿病患病率（9.5%）高于其他年龄组居民，不同年龄组居民糖尿病患病率差异有统计学意义（2=10.967，P＝0.012）；汉族居民糖尿病患病率6.7%，少数民族糖尿病患病率为6.0%；大专及以上居民糖尿病患病率（11.8%）高于其他三个文化程度组，不同文化程度组糖尿病患病率差异有统计学意义（2=17.377，P＝0.001）；生产运输设备操作人员及有关人员糖尿病患病率为16.1%，高于其他职业居民，不同职业居民糖尿病患病率差异有统计学意义（2=24.879，P＝0.009）；不同收入水平居民糖尿病患病率差异无统计学意义（2=14.946，P＝0.092）。 3.对居民膳食摄入、主要营养素、主要矿物质、主要维生素摄入、膳食构成情况等因素进行分析，结果显示：①膳食摄入情况：除植物油和食盐城乡间差异无统计学意义外，其余摄入食物城乡间差异均有统计学意义；②主要营养素摄入情况：除胆固醇摄入城乡间差别无统计学意义外，其他主要营养素摄入城乡间差别均有统计学意义；③主要矿物质摄入情况：除硒摄入城乡间差别无统计学意义外，其余矿物质摄入城乡间差异有统计学意义；④主要维生素摄入情况：除视黄醇城乡间摄入无统计学差异，其余均有统计学差异；⑤膳食构成情况：能量的食物来源除薯类和其他食物外，其余能量的食物来源城乡间差异均有统计学意义；蛋白质、脂肪的食物来源城乡间差异均有统计学意义。 4.吸烟者糖尿病患病率为6.6%，不吸烟者糖尿病患病率为9.1%，不同吸烟行为居民糖尿病患病率差异无统计学意义（2=2.159，P=0.142）；饮酒者糖尿病患病率为7.2%，不饮酒者为8.7%，居民饮酒与否糖尿病患病率差异无统计学意义（2=0.292，P=0.589）；闲暇时参加体育锻炼者糖尿病患病率为5.5%，从不参加体育锻炼者8.0%（2=0.003，P=0.958）；不同出行方式间差异无统计学意义（2=3.26，P=0.515）；超重肥胖者糖尿病患病率最高（10.9%），不同BMI水平间糖尿病患病率差异有统计学意义（2=17.641，，P0.001）。 5.多因素logistic回归分析：地区、年龄、文化程度、BMI水平是影响糖尿病的因素。结论： 1.吉林省2195例城乡居民中糖尿病患病率为6.7%，高于2002年全国平均患病率（2.6%）；城市居民糖尿病患病率高于农村居民；年龄越大、学历越高且不注重饮食及运动者患糖尿病的风险越大。 2.适量摄入谷类、蔬菜、水果、肉类、乳类是膳食相关因素中糖尿病的保护因素；过多摄入食盐、油脂类、高能量饮食是危险因素；适量摄入含有镁、锰、铜等矿物质的食品或保健品是糖尿病的保护因素。 3.超重肥胖是糖尿病的危险因素。
文内图片：

图片说明：-2030年糖尿病预测图
[Abstract]:Purpose: Through the analysis of the prevalence of diabetes in 2195 urban and rural residents in Jilin province and the influencing factors, this paper describes the prevalence of diabetes in some parts of Jilin province, and probes into the factors such as the relevant dietary factors, nutritional factors, behavior and life style of the diabetes. To help the residents to reasonably arrange the diet, improve the poor living habits, improve the quality of life, and provide the residents with the theory of prevention and treatment of diabetes in the future in the aspects of dietary nutrition and living behavior. It was reported. Methods: The questionnaire and laboratory test of 2751 urban and rural residents in Jilin Province (Chaoyang District, Jilin Province) and the rural (Dongfeng County, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province) were carried out by a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. The questionnaire included individual behavior characteristics. dietary conditions, etc., laboratory tests included morning fasting blood glucose determination and postprandial 2 h Blood glucose measurement, etc. Data entry is performed using a unified "A Platform for Monitoring the Nutrition and Health of the Residents in Jilin Province"; the data analysis uses the SPS S20.0. According to the general demographic characteristics and rate of the survey objects, the incidence of diabetes in different groups is described. The data of the counting data is 2. The comparison between the groups is performed by t-test or rank and test, P <0.05 is of statistical significance, and the normal score is normal. The median M (P25, P75) expression, single factor and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were used for the bias data. Diabetes The results were as follows:1. Investigate 2751 people in Jilin Province and respond to 2,195 people, including 1024 people (46.7%),1171 (53.3%) of rural residents,955 (43.5%) male and 1 female. 240 (56.5%); mean age 47.3-19.0,272 (12.4%) under 18,553 (25.2%) between 18 and 44,769 (35.0%) in 45-59, and 60-year-old 601 (27.4%).2. The prevalence of diabetes in Jilin Province was 6.7%, the urban rate was 8.4%, the rural rate was 5.1%, the city was significantly higher than that in the countryside (2 = 4.155, P = 0.042), and the male prevalence was 7. The prevalence of diabetes (9.5%) in the 45-59-year-old age group was higher than that in other age groups (2 = 10.967, P = 0.012), and the prevalence of diabetes in the Han population was 6.7% and a few. The prevalence of diabetes in the ethnic group was 6.0%, and the prevalence of diabetes (11.8%) in the college and above was higher than that of the other three groups. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes among the different cultures (2 = 17.377, P = 0.001), and the operation personnel and the related persons of the production and transportation equipment The prevalence of diabetes was 16.1%, which was higher than that of other occupational residents. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes among different occupational groups (2 = 24.879, P = 0.009). There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of diabetes among different income levels (2 = 14). (.946, P = 0.092).3. The dietary intake of the residents, the main nutrients, the main minerals, the main vitamin intake, the dietary composition and other factors were analyzed. The results showed that: There is no statistical significance between the difference between the urban and rural areas of the table salt and the table salt. The difference between the urban and rural consumption of the rest of the food is of statistical significance. The difference between the intake of the main nutrients and the difference between the urban and rural areas except for cholesterol is not significant, and the difference between the intake of other major nutrients and the urban and rural areas is the same. The results of the study are as follows: the difference between the intake of selenium and the intake of selenium in the urban and rural areas is not statistically significant, the difference between the intake of the remaining minerals and the urban and rural areas is of statistical significance, and the intake of main vitamins: there is no statistical difference between the intake of the retinol and the urban and rural areas, and the rest There is a statistical difference; the dietary composition of the food: the food source of the energy, except the potatoes and other foods, is of statistical significance in the difference between the food sources and the urban and rural areas of the rest of the energy; and the food of the protein and the fat 4. The prevalence of diabetes in smokers was 6.6%, the prevalence of non-smokers was 9.1%, and the prevalence of diabetes in different smokers was not statistically significant (2 = 2.159, P = 0.142), and the diabetic patients with drinking wine The prevalence of diabetes in the group was 7.2%, the non-drinkers was 8.7%, the difference of the prevalence of diabetes among the residents was not significant (2 = 0.292, P = 0.589), the prevalence of diabetes in the leisure time was 5.5%, the number of people who did not participate in the physical exercise was 8.0% (2 = 0.003, P = 0.958), and the difference between the different modes of travel was not statistically significant. (2 = 3.26, P = 0.515); The prevalence of diabetes among overweight and obesity patients was the highest (10.9%), and the prevalence of diabetes among the different BMI levels was statistically significant. (2 = 17.641, P0.001).5. Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors: region, age, cultural range Conclusion:1. The prevalence of diabetes in the 2195 urban and rural residents in Jilin province is 6.7%, which is higher than that in 2002 (2.6%); the prevalence of diabetes in urban residents is higher than that of rural residents; the greater the age, the higher the degree of education and the greater the risk of diabetes, the greater the risk of diabetes, a proper amount of cereal, vegetables, fruit, meat, and milk is the protective factor for diabetes in the diet-related factors; and excessive intake of salt Oil and fat, high-energy diet is a risk factor; a proper amount of intake contains A food or health product containing minerals such as magnesium, manganese, and coppe
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R587.1

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