龙葵碱抗肿瘤作用的研究进展及临床应用

发布时间：2018-04-25 03:01

本文选题：龙葵碱 + 抗肿瘤　；参考：《河北医科大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究表明,目前来源于植物的天然成分成为当前抗肿瘤药物的研究热点。龙葵碱是主要存在于龙葵全草、马铃薯及番茄中的甾体生物碱,除具有生物碱毒性作用外,还具有抗炎、抑菌、抗病毒的作用。近年来国内外学者发现,龙葵碱还具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,使得众多专家学者对其药理作用及抗肿瘤机制进行了深入的研究。本文对龙葵碱的化学组成和基本药理作用,抗肿瘤作用机制和临床应用,特别是在恶性黑素瘤的作用及抗肿瘤机制等研究相关进展进行综述,为其进一步的科学研究和应用提供科研思路,为皮肤恶性肿瘤,特别是在恶性黑素瘤治疗寻求新的治疗药物方面提供依据。本研究基于“中国知网数据库”、“万方数据库”及“PUBMED”等国内外数据库搜集的大量相关资料,筛选出近10年的有关龙葵碱抗肿瘤机制研究及临床应用等相关文献,并进行阅读、分析、整理而成。结果显示:1)龙葵为一年生的草本植物,分布于全国各地,除具有生物碱毒性,能抗炎、抑菌、抗病毒,尚有抗肿瘤的作用。2)龙葵的主要药理成分为甾体生物碱—龙葵碱,可以通过改变细胞膜蛋白的数量、功能、膜的通透性以及ATP酶、N-乙酰转移酶的活性等多个环节来改变细胞膜结构与功能。3)龙葵碱对人胰腺癌细胞系Panc-1细胞、人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721细胞、胃癌细胞系NKM-45细胞等多种肿瘤细胞具有明显的细胞毒性和抑制细胞增殖的作用,还可能通过信号转导通路下调MMP-2/9、VEGF因子及钙粘蛋白的表达水平。4)龙葵中药方剂联合放化疗治疗肺癌、胃癌、肝癌等多种肿瘤,均取得令人满意的结果。5)龙葵碱在恶性黑素瘤细胞的实验研究证实,其可能通过下调JNK通路和PI3K/Akt通路的信号传导以及NF-κB因子的活性,直接或间接下调MMP-2/9的活性及蛋白的表达水平。综上所述,龙葵碱对多种肿瘤细胞均具有生长抑制的作用及抗肿瘤机制;龙葵中药方剂对临床上多种肿瘤有减毒增效的作用;龙葵碱能够抑制恶性黑素瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭能力,使细胞发生凋亡。此外,龙葵分布于全国各地,资源丰富,便于采集应用于实验及临床研究。因此,龙葵碱在黑素瘤的治疗方面有较大的开发和应用前景。
[Abstract]:The research shows that the natural components from plants have become the research focus of anti-tumor drugs. Solanum nigrum alkaloids are steroidal alkaloids mainly found in Solanum nigrum L., potato and tomato. In addition to alkaloid toxicity, solanine also has anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic and antiviral effects. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have found that solanine also has obvious anti-tumor effect, which makes many experts and scholars deeply study its pharmacological action and anti-tumor mechanism. In this paper, the chemical composition and basic pharmacological action of solanine, the mechanism of antitumor action and clinical application, especially in malignant melanoma and antitumor mechanism, were reviewed. To provide scientific research ideas for its further scientific research and application, and to provide scientific basis for the treatment of malignant skin tumors, especially in the treatment of malignant melanoma. Based on a large number of relevant data collected from domestic and foreign databases, such as "China knowledge Network Database", "Wanfang Database" and "PUBMED", this study screened out the relevant literatures on the mechanism of antitumor and clinical application of solanine in the last 10 years. And read, analyze, and organize. The results showed that: (1) Solanum nigrum is an annual herbaceous plant distributed all over the country. Besides alkaloid toxicity, anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, antiviral and anti-tumor effects, the main pharmacological component of Solanum nigrum is steroidal alkaloid-solanine. The cell membrane structure and function of human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1 can be changed by changing the number and function of cell membrane protein, membrane permeability and the activity of ATP enzyme N-acetyltransferase. Many kinds of tumor cells, such as human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and gastric cancer cell line NKM-45, have obvious cytotoxicity and inhibit cell proliferation. It is also possible to down-regulate the expression level of MMP-2 / 9 + VEGF factor and cadherin through signal transduction pathway. 4) Solanum nigrum prescription combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and other tumors. The results showed that solanine might down-regulate the signal transduction of JNK pathway and PI3K/Akt pathway and the activity of NF- 魏 B factor in malignant melanoma cells. MMP-2/9 activity and protein expression were down-regulated directly or indirectly. To sum up, solanine has the effect of growth inhibition and anti-tumor mechanism on many kinds of tumor cells, the Chinese medicine prescription of Solanum nigrum has the effect of attenuating and enhancing many kinds of tumor in clinic. Solanine can inhibit the migration and invasion of malignant melanoma cells and induce apoptosis. In addition, Solanum nigrum is distributed all over the country, rich in resources, easy to collect and applied in experimental and clinical research. Therefore, solanine has a great prospect of development and application in the treatment of melanoma.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R739.5

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