周围神经损伤与再生:新型修补材料的应用研究与进展

发布时间：2018-02-22 09:07

本文关键词： 周围神经神经再生组织工程生物材料材料相容性周围神经损伤周围神经再生神经支架综述国家自然科学基金　出处：《中国组织工程研究》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：背景:虽然自体神经移植是当前治疗大段神经缺损的金标准,但因其应用受到诸多限制,因此科学家从未放弃探索新型神经修补材料。目的:回顾近年来周围神经损伤领域产生的新观点、再生过程中的关键细胞及新型神经导管的应用。方法:由第一作者检索2001至2016年Pub Med数据库收录的与组织工程神经支架材料相关的文献,检索词为"peripheral nerve injury,peripheral nerve regeneration,nerve scaffold",按纳入、排除标准最后共纳入文献76篇进行综述。结果与结论:周围神经的修复主要集中在如何让再生的神经长得"快"与长得"准"上,未来除了应继续拓展开发生物相容性更好的材料外,还应优化设计,在分子细胞和组织层面多层次模拟神经再生微环境,模拟建立取向纳米结构、化学组分、生物信号时空分布等多重仿生神经移植物。应明确的是,神经导管不应只是简单的力学支撑,还应具有一定功能,如导电、细胞因子梯度缓释等。仿生也不应只局限于形态学上,还应拓展到如细胞因子的时空变化、细胞生物电刺激等方面上来。
[Abstract]:Background: although autogenous nerve transplantation is the current gold standard for the treatment of large nerve defects, its application is limited. So scientists have never given up exploring new nerve repair materials. Objective: to review the new ideas that have emerged in the field of peripheral nerve injury in recent years. Application of key cells and novel nerve Catheters in Regeneration. Methods: the literature related to tissue engineering nerve scaffold materials collected from 2001 to 2016 in the Pub Med database was searched by the first author with the key words "peripheral nerve injury-peripheral nerve regeneration nerve scaffold". The exclusion criteria were reviewed in 76 articles. Results and conclusions: the repair of peripheral nerve mainly focused on how to make regenerated nerve grow "quickly" and "correctly". In the future, in addition to further development of materials with better biocompatibility, we should also optimize the design, simulate the neural regeneration microenvironment at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels, and simulate the establishment of oriented nanostructures and chemical components. It should be made clear that the nerve conduit should not only be simply supported by mechanics, but also have certain functions, such as conducting electricity. Bionics should not only be limited to morphology, but also be extended to such aspects as the temporal and spatial changes of cytokines and bioelectrical stimulation of cells.
【作者单位】：解放军总医院骨科研究所北京市再生医学重点实验室全军战创伤重点实验室;解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51073024,51273021) 973重点项目(2014CB542201,2012CB518106) 十三五国家重大研发计划项目(2016YFC1101600) 军队“十三五”医学专项(BWS13C029) 301转化医学项目(2016TM-030)~~
【分类号】：R318.08;R745

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