少突胶质前体细胞分化调控在多发性硬化病理发生中的意义

发布时间：2018-02-28 23:30

本文关键词： 进展型多发性硬化少突胶质前体细胞再髓鞘化　出处：《生命的化学》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：多发性硬化是一类中枢神经系统炎症性脱髓鞘疾病,其发病原因目前尚未明确。深入地研究该疾病的发生发展机制将为临床预防及治疗提供更有效的帮助。髓鞘是中枢神经系统重要的生理结构,主要发挥保护轴突和加速神经冲动传导的作用。在成年中枢神经系统,髓鞘损伤后可以由少突胶质前体细胞经增殖、迁移和分化而重新形成,即髓鞘再生。然而,在慢性多发性硬化症患者的病灶中,由于少突胶质前体细胞分化障碍,导致髓鞘再生减弱,进而造成轴突损伤和神经元丢失,发生不可逆的神经功能障碍,是进展型多发性硬化发生的重要原因。因此,研究进展型多发性硬化患者病灶中少突胶质前体细胞的分化障碍及其相关信号机制对于临床治疗和药物开发具有重要意义。本综述将着眼于少突胶质前体细胞的分化调控机制,分析其在进展型多发性硬化病理发生中的作用和意义,并讨论了相关的潜在治疗靶点。
[Abstract]:Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. At present, the cause of the disease is not clear. Further study of the pathogenesis of the disease will provide more effective help for clinical prevention and treatment. Myelin sheath is an important physiological structure of the central nervous system. In the adult central nervous system, the injury of myelin sheath can be reformed by oligodendrocyte through proliferation, migration and differentiation, that is, myelin sheath regeneration. In patients with chronic multiple sclerosis, myelin regeneration is weakened due to oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation disorder, resulting in axonal injury and neuronal loss, and irreversible neurological dysfunction. Is an important cause of progressive multiple sclerosis. The study of oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation disorder and its signal mechanism in progressive multiple sclerosis is of great significance for clinical treatment and drug development. This review will focus on the mechanism of differentiation and regulation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Its role and significance in the pathogenesis of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) were analyzed, and the potential therapeutic targets were discussed.
【作者单位】：第二军医大学基础部神经生物学教研室;第二军医大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(81371326;31571066)
【分类号】：R744.51

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