非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖对海马神经干细胞增殖及CREB磷酸化的影响
发布时间:2018-03-08 10:39
本文选题:脑梗死 切入点:急性期高血糖 出处:《南方医科大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:缺血性脑血管病有高发病率、高致残率以及高死亡率三大特征,严重危害人类健康,成为重点防治对象。脑梗死急性期高血糖是临床上常见现象,血糖水平与患者病情严重程度和预后息息相关,血糖过高或者过低都恶化病情,影响预后。非糖尿病脑梗死患者急性期高血糖水平对脑的影响是神经病学长期颇具争议的研究,急性期高血糖水平与脑损伤程度的关系及其机制目前均无定论。所以本实验针对急性期高血糖,探讨非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖对脑损伤及其神经干细胞增殖能力的影响,试图能为临床上对于急性期最佳血糖目标的制定起一定的参考作用。 溶栓治疗是目前国际公认的治疗脑梗死唯一确切有效的方法,能使栓塞的血管再通。但已有研究证明,急性期高血糖增加脑梗死患者溶栓后的出血危险,增加死亡率。近年来研究发现,脑梗死后海马存在神经再生现象,能启动自身的内源性修复机制,减少梗死体积,改善预后。葡萄糖作为大脑的唯一能量来源,在这个过程中起着至关重要的作用。但非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖在这方面的研究还不多见。非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖是否通过影响梗死性脑损伤后海马神经干细胞的增殖能力从而限制了大脑的这种自身修复能力,使得脑梗死后脑缺血缺氧性损伤更严重?因此本实验模拟非糖尿病脑梗死后急性期高血糖状态,采用免疫荧光和免疫印迹的方法研究急性期高血糖对脑梗死后海马神经干细胞增殖以及海马CREB磷酸化的影响。试图让非糖尿病性脑梗死的病理机制能从另外一个角度得到阐释,为脑梗死患者提供另一方面的参考,神经干细胞替代治疗能否改善急性期高血糖对缺血性脑损伤的影响。 第一章非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖水平与脑损伤程度的关系 目的: 建立一种方便、快捷、血糖水平稳定的非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖的稳定模型,并探讨急性期高血糖水平和非糖尿病大鼠梗死性脑损伤的关系。 方法: 1、大鼠MCAO模型的制备:采用经典线栓法制备脑缺血(middle cerebral artery occlusion, MCAO)模型,缺血90min,再灌注24h。 2、大鼠MCAO后急性期高血糖模型的制备:采用腹腔注射的给药方式,依次在MCAO前5min、MCAO后45min和90min三个时间点,给予50%葡萄糖溶液制备脑梗死后急性期高血糖模型,并使用快速血糖仪分别在MCAO后30min、75min和120min剪尾测血糖水平变化。 3、不同急性期高血糖水平的诱导及实验分组:实验动物随机分为正常血糖对照组(NG组)、高血糖1组(HG1组)和高血糖2组(HG2组);三组给药量分别为:第一次:2ml/Kg、2.5ml/Kg、8ml/Kg;第二、三次均为2ml/Kg。各组目标血糖值为4-5mmol/L、10mmol/L和20mmol/L左右。给予0.9%注射用生理盐水作为对照组。 4、评价指标:脑梗死后24h采用Zea Longa改良神经功能缺损评分评估大鼠行为学变化和TTC染色测量脑梗死灶以了解不同急性期高血糖水平对梗死性脑损伤的影响。 结果: 1、各组大鼠血糖水平均从差异无统计学意义的基础血糖水平(P0.05)达到组间差异有统计学意义(P0.001)的目标血糖(mmol/L)水平,如下,NG组:4.94±0.27~4.44±0.70,HG1组:5.66±0.87~10.05±1.38,HG2组:5.3±1.12~19.87±2.30。各组组内MCAO后30min、75min和120min各时间点血糖水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。说明各组大鼠MCAO后急性期高血糖水平稳定,并维持到MCAO后120min内。 2、各组大鼠MCAO后24h Zea Longa评分(分):NG组:1.4±0.55,HG1组:2.0±0.71,HG2组:2.8±0.45。HG2组与HGl组和NG组差异有统计学意义(P=0.009和P=0.02)。NG组和HG1组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.126)。 3、各组大鼠MCAO后24h脑梗死体积百分比(%):NG组:21.48±2.40;HG1组:29.85±6.87;HG2组:49.16±10.50。HG2组与HG1组和NG组差异有统计学意义(P=0.030和P=0.009)。HG1组与NG组差异无统计学意义(P=0.126)。 4、Pearson相关分析:急性期高血糖与脑梗死容积相关系数为0.857(P=0.000);急性期高血糖与神经功能缺损评分相关系数为0.727(P=0.000);梗死体积与神经功能缺损评分相关系数为0.815(P=0.000)。 结论: 1、采用经典线栓法制备MCAO模型结合腹腔注射50%葡萄糖溶液可以建立非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖的稳定模型; 2、非糖尿病的轻度急性期高血糖(10mmol/L)不加重缺血性脑损伤; 3、非糖尿病的重度急性期高血糖(20mmol/L)加重缺血性脑损伤。 4、非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖与脑损伤程度成正相关关系。 第二章非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖对海马神经干细胞增殖能力的影响 目的: 探讨急性期血糖水平对非糖尿病大鼠梗死性脑损伤后海马神经干细胞增殖能力的影响。 方法: 1、采用经典线栓法制备MCAO模型结合腹腔注射50%葡萄糖溶液建立非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖的稳定模型,并采用Zea Longa改良神经功能缺损评分评估模型成功与否; 2、海马增殖细胞标记:采用腹腔注射BrdU (300mg/Kg)的方法标记海马增殖的细胞; 3、海马增殖细胞的检测:采用BrdU和DCX免疫荧光双标分别计数海马BrdU+细胞和BrdU+/DCX+细胞数。用BrdU+细胞数评估大鼠缺血性脑损伤后急性期海马细胞增殖情况;用BrdU+/DCX+对增殖的细胞进行定性,即可用于评估神经干细胞的增殖情况。 结果: 1、海马BrdU+细胞数:MCAO后24h,大鼠脑缺血同侧海马的BrdU+细胞主要分布在齿状回。HG2组细胞数最少,与NG组和HG1组差异具统计学意义(p0.05)。HG1组和NG组之间差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。 2、海马BrdU+/DCX+细胞数:MCAO后24h,大鼠脑缺血同侧海马增殖的神经干细胞主要分布在齿状回。HG2组较NG组和HG1组显著减少,差异均具统计学意义(p0.01),NG组和HG1组间差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。 结论: 1、非糖尿病大鼠MCAO后急性期,轻度的急性期高血糖对脑缺血同侧齿状回神经干细胞可能有保护作用; 2、非糖尿病大鼠MCAO后急性期,重度的急性期高血糖减弱脑缺血同侧齿状回神经干细胞的增殖能力,可能加重缺血性脑损伤。 第三章非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖对海马CREB磷酸化的影响 目的: 探讨急性期高血糖对非糖尿病大鼠梗死性脑损伤后海马CREB磷酸化的影响。 方法: ①采用经典线栓法制备MCAO模型结合腹腔注射50%葡萄糖溶液建立非糖尿病大鼠脑梗死后急性期高血糖的稳定模型,并采用Zea Longa改良神经功能缺损评分评估模型成功与否; ②海马增殖细胞标记:采用腹腔注射BrdU (300mg/Kg)的方法标记海马增殖的细胞; ③海马增殖细胞p-CREB的检测:采用BrdU和p-CREB免疫荧光双标的方法计数BrdU+/p-CREB+细胞数,评估海马增殖的神经干细胞p-CREB表达变化情况; ④海马CREB蛋白磷酸化的检测:采用免疫印迹(Western blot, WB)检测海马CREB和p-CREB蛋白水平。 结果: 1、海马BrdU+细胞分布及数量:大鼠脑缺血同侧BrdU+细胞也主要分布在海马齿状回区。HG2组的BrdU+细胞数为11.00±1.00个,较NG组和HG1组显著减少,差异均具统计学意义(p0.01),NG组和HG1组间差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。 2、海马BrdU+/p-CREB+细胞分布及数量:大鼠脑缺血同侧海马BrdU+/p-CREB+细胞主要分布海马齿状回,HG2组细胞数为3.00±1.00个,较NG组和HG1组减少,差异均具统计学意义(p0.01),NG组和HG1组间差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。 3、脑缺血同侧海马组织CREB蛋白和p-CREB蛋白水平变化:三组海马均表达CREB和p-CREB蛋白,含量均具统计学意义的差异(p0.01);HG2组p-CREB和CREB蛋白含量的比率明显低于NG组和HG1组,差异具统计学意义(p0.01)。HG1组和NG组则无统计学意义的差异(p0.05) 结论: 1、CREB信号通路在神经干细胞的增殖调控方面起重要作用,主要与其磷酸化比率有关。 2、非糖尿病大鼠MCAO后急性期高血糖对脑缺血同侧海马齿状回神经干细胞增殖能力的影响可能与CREB信号通路密切相关,可能为p-CREB/CREB比值调控。
[Abstract]:Ischemic cerebrovascular disease with high incidence, high morbidity and high mortality of the three major characteristics, serious harm to human health, has become the key objects of prevention and treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Hyperglycemia is a common clinical phenomenon, is closely related to blood glucose level and the severity and prognosis of blood glucose is too high or too low, disease progression, prognostic effect of high. Blood glucose levels in nondiabetic patients with acute cerebral infarction of the brain is on long-term neurology controversial, the relationship between the acute high blood glucose level and the severity of brain injury and its mechanism are currently inconclusive. So this experiment for acute hyperglycemia, to investigate the effect of acute cerebral infarction in non diabetic rats after hyperglycemia on brain injury and neural stem cell proliferation, to the clinical in the acute phase of optimal glycemic targets play a certain reference role.
Thrombolytic therapy is currently considered the only effective method for the treatment of cerebral infarction, can cause embolism recanalization. But studies have shown that acute hyperglycemia increases the risk of bleeding in patients with cerebral infarction after thrombolysis, increase the mortality. Recent studies have found that cerebral infarction in Houhai Ma Cun in nerve regeneration phenomenon, can activate the endogenous repair mechanism itself the reduction of infarct volume and improve prognosis. Glucose as the sole source of energy for the brain, plays a crucial role in this process. But the research on this aspect of hyperglycemia in acute phase of cerebral infarction in diabetic rats is rare. Non diabetic rats after cerebral infarction acute hyperglycemia cerebral infarction is affected by after the injury of hippocampal neural stem cell proliferation which limits the brain the ability to repair itself, so after cerebral infarction ischemia hypoxia injury due to more serious? Simulation of hyperglycemia in acute non diabetic cerebral infarction after this experiment, using immunofluorescence and Western blot method to study the acute effects of hyperglycemia on the hippocampal CREB phosphorylation and cell proliferation of hippocampal neural stem after cerebral infarction. Try to make the pathological mechanism of non diabetic cerebral infarction can be explained from another angle, another the reference for the patients with cerebral infarction, neural stem cell replacement therapy can improve effect of acute hyperglycemia on ischemic brain injury.
Chapter 1 Relationship between the level of hyperglycemia and the degree of brain injury in the acute stage of cerebral infarction in non diabetic rats
Objective:
Objective to establish a convenient, quick, stable model of hyperglycemia in acute phase of cerebral infarction in non-diabetic rats after stable blood glucose level, and to explore the relationship between acute hyperglycemia and infarcted brain injury in non-diabetic rats.
Method锛,
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