基于体模的64排螺旋CT多模态扫描对颅脑病灶及边缘征象的解剖学研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 07:29

本文选题：CT值 + 体模　；参考：《河北医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：第一部分模拟体模的选择与“仿生病灶”模型的制做目的:优选和制做适用于本研究的头颈部仿生体模及病灶模型。方法:选择了成都方拓仿真技术有限责任公司生产的“仿真辐照男性头颈部病灶模拟体模”,并研究出一种“仿生病灶”的“模具”制做方法,使“仿生病灶”更具有仿生性。“仿生病灶”具有内部均匀性和边缘可识别性,具有“毛刺”结构和“分叶”结构。在病灶制做过程中制定了完善的质控和质保体系,保证了仿生模型的质量,满足了64排螺旋CT多模态扫描研究的基本技术条件要求。在分析前,先做好参研人员的任务培训工作,再获得的CT图像。结果:用此体模进行了64排螺旋CT多模态(参数与方位)的扫描,包括不同参数条件的横断面、矢状面和冠状面扫描,获得了大量的图像数据。为保证每一次64排螺旋CT扫描的图像质量,均在每一次实验前先做好64排螺旋CT机的技术参数校准,实现实验结果的同质化,而获得的图像均在PACS系统状态下进行图像的阅读与测量。结论:1优化选择了适用于该实验的成都方拓仿真技术有限责任公司生产的“仿真辐照男性头颈部病灶模拟体模”。2研究制做了适用于此实验的“仿生病灶”模型。3为保证图像质量,研究了一种体模合拢时的排气法与工艺。4采取多参数状态下对“仿生病灶”进行了横断面、冠状面和矢状面64排螺旋CT多模态扫描。5重点了解了不同参数不同方位的64排螺旋CT多模态扫描技术对病灶图像质量的关系。第二部分CT图像的测量方法与数据的采集目的:优化和研究适用于本实验的CT图像阅读与测量的科学方法,精细测量不同参数CT扫描方位的数据。方法:将制做好的头颈部体模摆放固定在GE Optima CT660 64排螺旋CT扫描床上,按预设置的部位、方位和扫描参数进行CT扫描。把获得的CT图像收集储存在PACS系统上,以备集中分析。采用了自制的“感兴趣区CT值测量定位坐标尺”进行CT图像阅读和测量。测量前先培训了参研人员,使所测数据同质化。并重点对不同参数,不同方位CT扫描图像上的CT值和毛刺、分叶征象进行了系统的测量。结果:获得了能满足本研究的高质量64排螺旋CT扫描图像,并对所有的图像进行归纳、整理和详细的测量,获得了大量的数据,发明了供CT图像测量的工具,保证了本实验的顺利完成。结论:1进行了头部体模“仿生病灶模型”64排螺旋CT的扫描图像的数据采集,归纳和整理。2研发了适用于CT图像和CT值测定的工具,具有先进性。3进行了对“仿生病灶模型”64排螺旋CT多模态扫描多方位图像的病灶毛刺、分叶、边缘清晰度等项目的测量和分析。第三部分数据统计与数据分析目的:科学分析实验数据和信息,进行统计学分析与评估,获得有效的结果。方法:数据采集采用社会科学统计软件包(简称SPSS,版本号:19.0)进行统计分析。数据分析前,先制定了本研究数据分析的1-22个分析点:1 mA值变化与病灶CT值(N0,N1,N2,N3,N4)变化;2 kV值变化与病灶CT值(N0,N1,N2,N3,N4)变化;3 mA,kV值变化与病灶CT值(N0,N1,N2,N3,N4)变化;4 mA值变化与病灶毛刺显示率与CT值变化;5 kV值变化与病灶毛刺显示率与CT值变化;6 mA,kV值共享时病灶毛刺显示率与CT值变化;7 mA值变化与病灶分叶征显示率与CT值变化;8 kV值变化与病灶分叶征显示率与CT值变化;9 mA,kV值共享时与病灶分叶征显示率与CT值变化;10 mA值变化对病灶边缘大小(最大横径,最大纵径)变化影响;11 kV值变化对病灶边缘大小(最大横径,最大纵径)变化影响;12 mA,kV值变化对病灶边缘大小(最大横径,最大纵径)变化影响;13 mA值变化对病灶矢状面显示情况的影响;14 kV值变化对病灶矢状面显示情况的影响;15 mA,kV值变化对病灶矢状面显示情况的影响;16 mA值变化对病灶冠状面显示情况的影响;17 kV值变化对病灶冠状面显示情况的影响;18 mA,kV值变化对病灶冠状面显示情况的影响;19 mA值变化对病灶横断面显示情况的影响;20 kV值变化对病灶横断面显示情况的影响;21 mA,kV值变化对病灶横断面显示情况的影响;22各数据相互间的关系与相互间求证和基本假设。系统分别对这些分析点进行了数计统计和分析,并用相应的表格进行表述。结果:通过数据分析和统计评价显示,64排螺旋CT多模态扫描技术对各种参数的优化和选择非常重要,如果不科学地降低kV和mA值能显著地导致图像质量的下降,影响病灶微细结构的观察和显示。也能影响病灶CT值的某些变化。如采用150mA扫描时其CT值会有小幅度的假高现象。结论:1直接在“仿真辐照男性头颈部病灶模拟体模”脑组织区域进行制做的“仿生病灶”可达到良好的仿真形态,并且这一方法在现有文献报道中尚未提及,是本实验的创新点。2“橡皮泥围坝排气法“是一种廉价且实用的方法,尚未有文献报道,应可以更广泛的应用到科研工作中。3病灶的同一层面在不同条件参数的64排螺旋CT扫描下呈现的形态是可以改变的,这一点在以往的文献中未见报道。4制定了适用于该实验获得的图像的阅读与测量质控体系。5研究出一种感兴趣区CT值测量定位坐标尺。6摸索出了本研究CT图像CT值感兴趣区的选择方法和毛刺,分叶测量方法。7对仿生模型64排螺旋CT多模态扫描获得的数据进行了系统的统计和分析。8获得了22项有意义的数据分析结果。9证实过度地降低CT扫描参数会显著地降低CT图像质量,影响病灶显示和诊断。10优化64排螺旋CT低剂量扫描参数十分重要,实现标准化显得更为重要。
[Abstract]:The first part is to simulate the selection of the body model and the purpose of the "bionic focus" model. To optimize and produce the head and neck bionic body model and focus model suitable for this study. Method: selected the simulated irradiated male head and neck simulated body model produced by the Chengdu square extension Simulation Technology Co., Ltd., and study a kind of "imitating illness". The "bionic focus" is more bionic. "Bionic focus" has internal uniformity and edge identifiability. It has a "burr" structure and a "lobuling" structure. In the process of making the focus, the quality control and quality assurance system is established. The quality of the bionic model is guaranteed and 64 rows of spiral CT are satisfied. The basic technical requirements of multi-modal scanning research are required. Before the analysis, the task training work of the participants is done and the CT images are obtained. Results: the 64 row helical CT multi mode (parameter and azimuth) scan, including the cross section of different parameter conditions, the sagittal plane and the coronal plane, is used to obtain a large amount of image data. In order to ensure the image quality of each 64 row spiral CT scanning, the technical parameters of the 64 row spiral CT are calibrated before each experiment to achieve the homogenization of the experimental results, and the obtained images are all read and measured in the state of the PACS system. Conclusion: 1 Optimization and selection of the Chengdu square extension simulation technology suitable for the experiment The "simulated irradiated male head and neck focus analog model" (.2) produced by the limited liability company has made the "bionic focus" model suitable for this experiment to ensure the image quality, and studied the cross section, coronal and sagittal shape of the "biomimetic focus" under the multi parameter state of the exhaust method and the process.4, when the body model closes. The surface 64 row spiral CT multi-modal scanning.5 focuses on the relationship between the 64 row spiral CT multi-modal scanning technology with different parameters and different directions. The measurement method of the second part of the CT image and the purpose of the data acquisition: optimize and study the scientific methods of reading and measuring the CT images suitable for this experiment, and the fine measurement of the different parameters CT scanning azimuth data. Method: put the finished head and neck body mold on the GE Optima CT660 64 row CT scanning bed, carry on the CT scan according to the pre set position, the azimuth and the scanning parameters. The obtained CT image collection is stored on the PACS system to prepare the centralized analysis. The self-made "CT value measurement positioning sitting" of the self-made region of interest is used. CT image reading and measurement. Before the measurement, the participants were trained to make the data homogenized. The CT values and burrs on different azimuth CT scanning images were systematically measured. Results: a high quality 64 row spiral CT scanning image which could satisfy this study was obtained, and all the images were obtained. Like induction, sorting and detailed measurement, a large number of data have been obtained, and a tool for CT image measurement has been invented to ensure the smooth completion of this experiment. Conclusion: 1 the data collection of the scanning image of the head model "bionic focus model" 64 rows of spiral CT was carried out, and the.2 developed a tool for CT image and CT value measurement. With advanced.3, the measurement and analysis of the lesions, lobuling and edge definition of the "bionic focus model" 64 row spiral CT multimodal scanning multidirectional images are carried out. The purpose of the third part data statistics and data analysis is to analyze the data and information of the experimental data and to carry out statistical analysis and evaluation, and to obtain effective results. Method: data acquisition is statistically analyzed by social science statistical software package (SPSS, version number 19). Before data analysis, 1-22 analysis points of this research data analysis are first made: changes of 1 mA values and CT values of the focus (N0, N1, N2, N3, N4), 2 kV values and CT values of the focus (N0, N1, N4) 1, N2, N3, N4) changes; changes in the 4 mA value and the change of the burr display rate and the CT value of the focus; the change of 5 kV value and the change of the burr display rate and the CT value of the focus; the change of the burr display rate and the CT value of the 6 mA and kV values; the change of the 7 mA value and the display rate of the lobule sign and the CT value; and the change of the change of the 8 value and the lobule sign and the value of the lesion; 9 The change of 10 mA value changes on the size of the lesion (maximum transverse diameter, maximum longitudinal diameter), and the change of the value of 11 kV on the size of the lesion (the maximum transverse diameter, the maximum longitudinal diameter), and the change of the value of kV on the size of the lesion (the maximum transverse diameter, the maximum longitudinal diameter), and the change of the 13 mA value to the disease. The influence of the display of the focus in the sagittal plane; the influence of the change of 14 kV value on the sagittal display of the focus; the influence of the change of 15 mA, kV on the display of the sagittal plane; the influence of the change of 16 mA on the coronary display of the focus; the influence of the 17 kV value on the coronary display of the focus; 18 mA, the change of the kV value on the coronal surface of the lesion. The influence of the 19 mA value changes on the transect display of the focus; the influence of the 20 kV value on the transect display of the focus; the influence of 21 mA, the change of the kV value on the transect display of the focus; the relationship between the 22 data and the mutual evidence and the basic hypothesis. Analysis and expression with the corresponding table. Results: through data analysis and statistical evaluation, the 64 row spiral CT multi-modal scanning technology is very important for the optimization and selection of various parameters. If the kV and mA values are not reduced scientifically, the decrease of the image quality can be significantly reduced, the observation and display of the microstructures of the lesions can also affect the disease. Some changes in the CT value of the focal point. For example, the CT value of the 150mA scan will have a small false high. Conclusion: 1 the "biomimetic focus" made directly in the brain tissue area of the "simulated irradiated male head and neck focus model" brain tissue can reach a good simulation form, and this method is not mentioned in the existing literature, and it is the reality. The innovative point.2 "rubber mud peri dam exhaust method" is a cheap and practical method. It has not been reported in literature. It should be widely applied to research work. The same level of.3 focus can be changed under the 64 row spiral CT scanning of different conditional parameters. This point has not been reported in the previous literature on the.4 system. The reading and measurement quality control system applied to the image obtained by this experiment.5 has studied a CT value measurement positioning coordinate scale in the region of interest.6 to find out the selection method and burr of the CT value region of the CT image of this study, and the system statistics of the data obtained by the lobuling method.7 for the bionic model 64 row helical CT multimode state scanning. And analysis.8 obtained 22 meaningful data analysis results.9 confirmed that excessive reduction of CT scanning parameters would significantly reduce the quality of CT images. It is very important to affect the display and diagnosis of.10 optimization of the low dose scanning parameters of 64 row spiral CT, and it is more important to achieve standardization.

【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R741;R816.1

【参考文献】