长链非编码RNA在脑胶质瘤中差异表达的相关研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 14:11

本文选题：脑胶质瘤 + 长链非表RNA　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：神经胶质瘤是脑神经神经系统是最为常见的恶性肿瘤，致死率高、复发率高、死亡率高，，目前对于胶质瘤的治疗方法包括手术治疗、化学药物治疗、放射治疗、新生物治疗等，然而预后的改善仍然较为有有限。胶质瘤治疗困难的主要原因包括：肿瘤细胞通常过度的增殖和广泛的组织浸润、发病位置难以进行手术切除、病理类型不易确定等。因此寻找有效的神经胶质瘤分子诊断标记和分子靶点，阻断肿瘤细胞的恶性增殖，提升治疗效率一直是研究的热点。长链非编码RNA是人类转录组中一大类重要的调控分子，是指那些长度大于200nt的非编码RNA，其序列上缺乏明显的有开放读码框，不能编码蛋白，可以在转录前、转录后和表观遗传学多个水平参与对靶基因的调控而发挥重要的生物学功能。已有研究证明lncRNA几乎涉及了生物体所有生理和病理过程，lncRNA的异常表达与临床上许多肿瘤及非肿瘤疾病关系密切，因此被寄望成为为肿瘤治疗的重要分子靶点，然而目前我们对于lncRNA在胶质瘤发生发展过程中的重要作用，仍知之甚少。本论文开展lncRNA的异常表达与脑胶质瘤的关联研究，具体选取了3种在其他实体肿瘤中被发现有重要功能的3种lncRNA，结肠癌差异表达（CRNDE）、尿路上皮癌抗原（UCA1）、肺腺癌转移相关转录因子1(MALAT1)，利用荧光定量PCR检测，3种lncRNA在胶质瘤组织和癌旁组织中的表达差异，并将lncRNA的表达量变化情况与胶质瘤的病理分级和复发情况相关联，开展临床治疗。同时我们还在尝试在胶质瘤细胞中外源性过表达lncRNAUCA1，观察其对于肿瘤细胞增殖能力的影响，并探讨可能的作用机制。
[Abstract]:Glioma is the most common malignant tumor in the cerebral nervous system, with high mortality, high recurrence rate and high mortality. At present, the treatment of glioma includes surgical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, new biological therapy, etc. However, the improvement of prognosis is still limited. The main reasons for the difficulty in the treatment of glioma include: excessive proliferation of tumor cells, extensive tissue infiltration, difficulty in surgical excision and difficult identification of pathological types, etc. Therefore, finding effective molecular diagnostic markers and molecular targets for glioma, blocking the malignant proliferation of tumor cells and improving the therapeutic efficiency has been a hot topic. Long strand noncoding RNAs are important regulatory molecules in human transcriptome. They are those that are longer than 200nt. They lack an open reading frame and can not encode proteins, so they can be transcripted before transcription. Posttranscriptional and epigenetic levels play important biological roles in the regulation of target genes. Studies have shown that the abnormal expression of lncRNA involved in almost all biological physiological and pathological processes is closely related to many tumor and non-tumor diseases in clinic, so it is expected to be an important molecular target for tumor therapy. However, we still know little about the important role of lncRNA in the development of glioma. Three kinds of LNcRNAs which were found to have important functions in other solid tumors were selected. The differential expression of CRNDEG in colon cancer, UCA1 antigen in urothelial epithelium, and transcriptional factor 1MALAT1 associated with metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma were selected. Three LNcRNAs in glia were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The difference of expression between tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues, The expression of lncRNA was correlated with the pathological grade and recurrence of glioma, and the clinical treatment was carried out. At the same time, we are trying to overexpression lncRNAUCA1 in glioma cells, to observe the effect of UCA1 on the proliferation of tumor cells, and to explore the possible mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R739.41

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